Divorce Attitudes Around the World

Tóth, Katalin; Kemmelmeier, Markus

doi:10.1177/1069397109336648

Cited by 51 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Thus, divorce rate is more likely to be higher in individualistic societies. Indeed, the divorce rate was correlated with other indices of individualism (the index developed by Hofstede, 1980, 2001; Triandis's rating of individualism-collectivism) and variables related to individualism, such as the rate of pronoun drop (Kashima and Kashima, 1998) and pathogen prevalence (e.g., Fincher et al, 2008; Murray and Schaller, 2010) at the national level (e.g., Diener et al, 1995; Lester, 1995; Toth and Kemmelmeier, 2009; Hamamura, 2012). Thus, divorce rate has been frequently used as an indicator of individualism (e.g., Diener et al, 1995; Vandello and Cohen, 1999; Hamamura, 2012; Yamawaki, 2012; Grossmann and Varnum, 2015).…”

Section: Temporal Changes In Individualism In the Usmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Changes in Individualism and Their Ramification in Japan: Rising Individualism and Conflicts with Persisting Collectivism

Ogihara

2017

Front. Psychol.

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Many studies have shown that American culture has become more individualistic over time. However, it was unclear whether other cultures, especially East Asian cultures, have also shifted toward greater individualism. Therefore, this article reviewed studies investigating temporal changes in individualism in Japan and their ramifications on psychology and behavior. Japan has experienced rapid and dramatic economic growth and urbanization and has adopted more social systems based on individualistic concepts in various contexts (e.g., workplace, school). Recent studies have suggested that, along with these socioeconomic changes, Japanese culture has become more individualistic over time. Specifically, the divorce rate increased and household size decreased. Moreover, people give more unique names to their children and dogs, and individualistic words such as “individual” and “uniqueness” appear more frequently in newspapers. Furthermore, social values became more individualistic. Yet, it has also been shown that some collectivistic values still remain. As a result, people have difficulty in adapting to this coexistence, which injures interpersonal relationships and well-being. This paper discussed how Japanese culture changed over time and how such changes affected Japanese psychology and behavior.

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Section: Temporal Changes In Individualism In the Usmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Changes in Individualism and Their Ramification in Japan: Rising Individualism and Conflicts with Persisting Collectivism

Ogihara

2017

Front. Psychol.

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“…As confirmed by the results of SEM, and measured by structural coefficient, the effects of the attitude factor was greater than the total effects of the perceived behavioral control and subjective norms. Considering the effects of attitude on satisfaction (8,22), it seems logical that after a change in attitude toward the divorce and assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of doing this behavior, attitude has a great effect on the intention to divorce.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Intention to Divorce Petition Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

et al. 2019

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Background: One of the most important determinants of behavior is intention. Numerous factors can contribute to the intention to file a divorce petition. One of the successful conceptual frameworks in explaining the effective factors on the intention to divorce is the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Objectives: The current study aimed at identifying the factors affecting the determinants of intention to divorce based on TPB. Methods: The current cross sectional study was conducted on 140 divorce applicants in Yazd, Iran in 2017 selected by random sampling. Data collection tools were a demographic information checklist and a researcher-made questionnaire including 48 items divided into four constructs, i e, attitude, behavioral control, subjective norms, and intention. The questionnaire was developed based on the constructs of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and validated in a qualitative study. Data analysis was performed with the AMOS software using goodness-of-fit indices (GFI) of the model, as well as SPSS using ANOVA, post-hoc, and independent t tests. Results: The constructs of the TPB significantly indicated the ability to predict the intention to file a divorce petition (R 2 =0.58). The findings showed that the attitude variables (β = 0.69), perceived behavioral control (β = 0.16), and subjective norms (β = 0.13) had the highest effect on the structure, respectively. Model fit indices (GFI, comparative-fit-index, normed-fit-index, root mean-square error of approximation, and normed chi-Square) indicated the goodness of model. The mean score of attitude toward divorce was higher in women than in men (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Attitude toward divorce was the most effective factor in intention to file a divorce petition. Given the important role of attitudes in the intention to divorce, further educational interventions in this field are suggested in order to consider influencing constructs according to TPB.

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“…Existing studies on macro-level determinants of divorce attitudes examined a number of quite different types of country-level characteristics, including welfare state typologies (Gelissen 2003), economic factors (Toth and Kemmelmeier 2009), and cultural factors (Gelissen 2003;Toth and Kemmelmeier 2009). We selected a limited set of countrylevel factors that we expect to be particularly relevant in understanding country differences in the attitudes towards divorce involving young children.…”

Section: Country-level Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature on European attitudes and values is largely descriptive, as noted by Halman (1995) and Kalmijn and Uunk (2007). Of the relatively few studies that tried to explain crossnational value differences (Hofstede 1980;Gundelach 1994;Halman 1995;Inglehart 1997;Inglehart and Baker 2000;Toth and Kemmelmeier 2009), almost all are macrolevel studies that related aggregated data on attitudes to aggregate-level country characteristics. Gelissen (2003) constitutes an important exception, as he performed a thorough multilevel analysis of the cross-national determinants of attitudes towards divorce in Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both American and European studies have examined trends in divorce attitudes (Thornton 1985; Van den Akker, Halman, and De Moor 1994;Thornton and Young-DeMarco 2001;Liefbroer and Fokkema 2008). In addition, studies have examined individual determinants of divorce attitudes (e.g., Thornton 1985;Trent and South 1992;Martin and Parashar 2006), and to a lesser extent also cross-national determinants (Gelissen 2003;Toth and Kemmelmeier 2009). Such research is relevant, not only because attitudes influence behaviour (Fishbein and Ajzen 1975;Fishbein 1977, 1980), but also because widespread negative attitudes may lead to stigmatization of divorcees (Kalmijn and Uunk 2007;Kalmijn 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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European views of divorce among parents of young children

Rijken¹,

Liefbroer²

2012

DemRes

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OBJECTIVEWe examine differences across Europe in attitudes towards divorce involving children under the age of 12. We hypothesize that these attitudes are less favourable in countries where poverty among single parent households is common than in countries where such poverty is rare. We also expect that divorce involving young children is more accepted in countries where enrolment in child care is high. METHODSOur sample consists of 37,975 individuals from 22 countries, obtained from the European Social Survey (2006). We conduct multilevel regression analyses including individual-level and country-level variables. RESULTSFindings confirm our main hypotheses: the lower the poverty rate among single parents and the higher enrolment in childcare, the lower the disapproval of divorce when young children are involved. These findings remain when taking into account the crude divorce rate and secularisation at the country level, and when controlling for differences in the composition of populations with regard to individual characteristics that are associated with divorce attitudes. Additionally, cross-level interactions indicate that poverty among single parents has the strongest impact on mothers' divorce attitudes. CONCLUSIONSDivorce attitudes appear to be related to people's assessment of the consequences of divorce for the children involved. Cross-European differences in attitudes towards divorce involving young children are associated with two aspects of welfare states that

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Divorce Attitudes Around the World

Cited by 51 publications

References 34 publications

Temporal Changes in Individualism and Their Ramification in Japan: Rising Individualism and Conflicts with Persisting Collectivism

Temporal Changes in Individualism and Their Ramification in Japan: Rising Individualism and Conflicts with Persisting Collectivism

Determinants of Intention to Divorce Petition Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

European views of divorce among parents of young children

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