“…Existing schemes proposed for Mobile IP networks (e.g., [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]) and cellular networks (e.g., [15,16]), however, cannot be applied to WMNs without nontrivial modifications and performance penalty, due to significant differences in network characteristics. For example, Manuscript received December 16, 2010; revised September 19, 2011 andFebruary 27, 2012.…”