DMFT index and oral mucosal lesions associated with HIV infection: cross-sectional study in Porto Velho, Amazonian Region - Brazil

Abstract

We declare no confl ict of interest. ABSTRACT We evaluated the DMFT (decayed, missing and fi lled teeth) index and the prevalence of candidia-sis, linear gingival erythema, oral hairy leukoplakia, herpes simplex, aphthous ulcers, Kaposi's sar-coma and lymphoma, as well as the association with TCD4 count, viral load (VL) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 140 HIV-infected adult individuals. A standardized examination to determine the DMFT index and the presence of oral lesions was conducted. Demographic data, TCD4 count and use of ART were obtained from medical records. A high number of decayed teeth detected among patients undergoing ART resulted in a mean DMFT of 16.9 teeth. It was observed that 24.2% of the individuals had at least one oral lesion. Candidiasis was the most frequent lesion and was associated with the TCD4 count. Oral hairy leukoplakia was associated with an increased VL. Regular use of ART was inversely associated with the occurrence of lesions. Overall, the studied population showed low prevalence of oral lesions and high DMFT index. The use of ART seems to reduce the occurrence of these lesions. Higher TCD4 count and a lower VL were associated with an improved oral health status in HIV+ individuals.

Dental Health Status of HIV-Positive Patients and Related Variables in Southeast Iran

“…This noted difference may be traced to differences of race, oral hygiene behaviors, nutrition, types of treatment, the fluoride content of drinking water, extent of dental services, and the implementation of training and preventative programs. In this study, the mean of filled teeth was apparently lower than others (3, 9, 11-13). Since the people of the studied region need serious dental services, essential plans should be prepared to build a context from which these people can benefit by using dentistry services.…”

“…The mean value of the DFMT index in this study was 11.9 (D = 8.4, M = 3.4, F = 0.03). It is higher than the results shown by Liberali et al (DMFT = 8.7, D = 0.6, M = 1.6, F = 6.6) in Australia and lower than those found by Santo et al, (DMFT = 16.44, D = 5.28, M = 9.25, F = 1.91) in Portugal, Aleixo et al, (DMFT = 16.9, D = 1.7, M = 11.1, F = 3.3), Soares et al, (DMFT = 17.64, D = 2.85, M = 9.12, F = 5.67), and Pinheiro et al (DMFT = 18.8, D = 3.9, M = 8.2, F = 6.6) in Brazil (3, 9, 11-13). This noted difference may be traced to differences of race, oral hygiene behaviors, nutrition, types of treatment, the fluoride content of drinking water, extent of dental services, and the implementation of training and preventative programs.…”

“…Some studies have only mentioned dental caries in this group of people, while other studies similar to this one used the DMFT index to determine patient dental health status (9, 11, 12, 15, 16). The mean value of the DFMT index in this study was 11.9 (D = 8.4, M = 3.4, F = 0.03).…”

“…ART has been introduced as a threat factor for children’s dental health as a causative factor of xerostomia with its physical properties and sugar content (6, 8). However, some studies have shown the decreased prevalence of caries in patients who receive ART (9, 10). On the other hand, some socio-demographical factors including age, marital status, education, employment, smoking, and use of health services can all play a role in the weak dental status of HIV-positive patients (11, 12).…”

Association of Candida with Linear Gingival Erythema in HIV-Infected Subjects

“…Prevalence of LGE reported to be ranging from 0 to 92 % (Khongkunthian et al 2001 ;Miziara et al 2006 ;Guteta et al 2008 ;Aleixo (Axéll et al 1993 ), data of the prevalence of LGE mostly come from the studies that examined the periodontal diseases of the HIV patients or studies that generally look into all oral manifestations. In general, introduction of HAART has also reduced the incidence of oral lesions including LGE and oral candidiasis in adults (Kroidl et al 2005 ).…”