DNA barcodes reveal cryptic host-specificity within the presumed polyphagous members of a genus of parasitoid flies (Diptera: Tachinidae)

Smith, M. Alex; Woodley, Norman E.; Janzen, Daniel H.; Hallwachs, Winnie; Hebert, Paul D. N.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0511318103

Cited by 505 publications

(537 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…While such cryptic lineages have been observed in other arthropod groups (e.g. Smith et al, 2006Smith et al, , 2007Starrett & Hedin, 2007), the Synergus complex is unusual in that its member species have a long history of taxonomic 580 and ecological study (Ross, 1951;Eady, 1952;Wiebes-Rijks, 1979;Nieves-Aldrey & PujadeVillar, 1985, 1986Pujade-Villar & Nieves-Aldrey 1990;Pujade-Villar 1992;Ronquist 1994;Schönrogge et al, 1995Schönrogge et al, , 1996aSchönrogge et al, , 1996bLiljeblad & Ronquist, 1998;Schönrogge & Crawley 2000;Pujade-Villar et al, 2003). -Villar, 1985;Pujade-Villar, 1992).…”

Section: Placement Of Morphological Species In Phylogenetically Divermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While approximately 1.5 million, predominantly insect, species have been described to date (de Meeus & Renaud, 2002), these represent only a small 90 proportion of estimated global diversity and molecular studies continue to reveal cryptic taxa inseparable on the basis of morphological taxonomy (e.g. Papakostas et al, 2005;Smith et al, 2006;Bergmann & Russell, 2007;Smith et al, 2007;Starrett & Hedin, 2007), increasing the magnitude of the challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeny and DNA barcoding of inquiline oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) of the Western Palaearctic

Ács

Challis

Bihari

et al. 2010

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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The NERC and CEH trade marks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. We examine phylogenetic relationships within the Synergus complex of herbivorous 50 inquiline gallwasps associated with (Hymenoptera; Cynipidae; Synergini) associated with cynipid host galls on oak, a biologically diverse group whose genus-level morphological taxonomy has long been considered stable but whose species level taxonomy is problematic.We incorporate data for over 80% of recognised Western Palaearctic species in 5 morphology-based genera (Ceroptres, Saphonecrus, Synergus, Synophrus, Ufo), comprising 55 sequence for two mitochondrial two mitochondrial loci (coxI, cytb) and one nuclear locus (28S D2). In particular, we assess the evidence for monophyly of two long-established, morphology-defined sections within the genus Synergus that differ in a range of biological traits between-generation polymorphism and impact on the host gall inducer (lethal versus non-lethal). To aid analyses of ecological interactions within oak cynipid communities, we 60 also consider the utility of cytochrome oxidase I (coxI) DNA barcodes in the oak inquilines.In this assessment, we do not assume that species are delineated at a single threshold value of sequence divergence for a single gene, but examine concordance in the composition of molecular operational Taxonomic units (MOTUs) across a range of sequence divergences in each gene and across genes. We also assess the impact of sampling effort on MOTU stability. 65Phylogenetic reconstructions for all three loci support monophyly for Synergus and Synophrus, but reject monophyly for Saphonecrus and for the two sections within Synergus.The suites of traits associated with the two sections of the genus Synergus are thus homoplasious. All three loci also reject monophyly for three Synergus species (S. hayneanus, S. pallipes, S. umbraculus). Sequences for each locus identify robust MOTUs that are largely 70 concordant across loci for a range of cut-off values. Though many MOTU's correspond to recognised Linnean species, there is significant, multigene disagreement between groupings supported by morphology and sequence data, with both allocation of different morphospecies to the same MOTU and allocation of the same morphospecies to multiple MOTUs, regardless 3 of cutoff value. Our results imply that while DNA barcoding has considerable utility within 75 this group, morphology-based identification needs major revision at both genus and species levels. Further, lifehistory traits currently attributed to single morphospecies probably confound attributes of multiple lineages. Revealing patterns of character state evolution in Synergus requires collection of new host association and life history data explicitly linked to DNA barcode data for the specimens concerned. 80

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Section: Placement Of Morphological Species In Phylogenetically Divermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and DNA barcoding of inquiline oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) of the Western Palaearctic

Ács

Challis

Bihari

et al. 2010

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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“…Extracts were re-suspended in 30 μl of dH2O, and a 658-bp region near the 5' terminus of the COI gene was amplified using standard primers (LepF1-LepR1) following established protocols (Smith et al 2006;Smith et al 2007;Smith et al 2008). All newly generated sequences were edited in Geneious v.6.1.6 created by Biomatters (http://www.geneious.com/) and submitted to Genbank (see Table 1 for Genbank accession numbers).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DNA barcoding uses a short standardized region of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase (COI) as a key character for species-level identification and discovery (Floyd et al 2002;Hebert et al 2003a;Hebert et al 2003b;Janzen et al 2009;Smith et al 2006;Smith et al 2007;Smith et al 2008). DNA barcoding has been extensively used in biodiversity and taxonomic studies of Microgastrinae during the past few years (summarized in Fernández-Triana et al 2014), due to the recent availability of over 20,000 sequences from more than 75 countries (e.g., Smith et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions to the study of the Holarctic fauna of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). I. Introduction and first results of transatlantic comparisons

Fernandez-Triana¹,

Shaw²,

Cardinal³

et al. 2014

JHR

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Specimens of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from both sides of the Holarctic region (Nearctic and Palaearctic) were sampled for DNA barcoding and examined morphologically. Two species are recorded for the first time for the Nearctic: Apanteles brunnistigma Abdinbekova, and Microgaster raschkiellae Shaw. Another European species, Apanteles xanthostigma (Haliday), previously introduced as a biological control agent, is confirmed to be present in North America. For another 13 species significant range extension is documented, including new records for France, Canada, United States, and Sweden. New host data are also provided for several species. The species name Apanteles masmithi Fernández-Triana is considered a syn. n. of Dolichogenidea britannica (Wilkinson).

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“…Extracts were re-suspended in 30 μl of dH2O, and a 658-bp region near the 5' terminus of the COI gene was amplified using standard primers (LepF1-LepR1) following established protocols (Smith et al 2006(Smith et al , 2007(Smith et al , 2008. If the initial 658 bp amplification was not successful composite sequences were generated using internal primers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Neotropical genus Prasmodon (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae), with emphasis on species from Area de Conservación Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica

Fernandez-Triana

Whitfield

Smith

et al. 2014

JHR

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The Microgastrinae genus Prasmodon is revised and the following 16 new species are described: erenadupontae and verhoogdenokus (authored by Braet and Fernández-Triana), and almasolisae, aureus, bobpoolei, bobrobbinsi, dondavisi, johnbrowni, masoni, mikepoguei, nixoni, paulgoldsteini, scottmilleri, silvatlanticus, subfuscus, and tijucaensis (authored by Fernández-Triana and Whitfield). The greatest species richness is found in the Amazon basin, but the genus extends throughout the rain forests of Central and South America. Leaf-rolling and webbing caterpillars of Crambidae and Elachistidae are the only known hosts for these parasitoids.

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DNA barcodes reveal cryptic host-specificity within the presumed polyphagous members of a genus of parasitoid flies (Diptera: Tachinidae)

Cited by 505 publications

References 30 publications

Phylogeny and DNA barcoding of inquiline oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) of the Western Palaearctic

Phylogeny and DNA barcoding of inquiline oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) of the Western Palaearctic

Contributions to the study of the Holarctic fauna of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). I. Introduction and first results of transatlantic comparisons

Review of the Neotropical genus Prasmodon (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae), with emphasis on species from Area de Conservación Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica

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