“…[ 16 ] To date, varied research has been done for making sensors based on DPN patterning methods, including gas sensors, [ 17 ] multiplexed biomimetic lipid membranes, [ 18 ] I–V measurements, [ 19 ] ribosome display, [ 20 ] and topoisomerases. [ 21 ] However, we are the first group utilizing the DPN method to fabricate nanosensors for heavy‐metal detection by DPN platforms. We developed a meta‐chemical surface (MCS) using DPN, which is somewhat analogous to the widely used meta‐surface, [ 14 ] by patterning a surface with a mixture of poly‐methyl methacrylate (PMMA) and nitrilotris (methylene) tri‐phosphonic acid (NTPH), which was used as the ink composition.…”