DNA-based ribonuclease detection assays

Chandrasekaran, Arun Richard

doi:10.1039/d1tb00300c

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…RNase is ubiquitous in human tissue and fluids; therefore, the degradation of plant miRNAs might be due to the RNase in human saliva. 22 The presence of RNase in human saliva was confirmed by using a human RNase ELISA kit, and the result can be found in Figure S2. Furthermore, an inhibition assay on RNase was performed to verify the effect of RNase on the degradation of the miRNAs.…”

Section: ■ Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Digestion of Plant Dietary miRNAs Starts in the Mouth under the Protection of Coingested Food Components and Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles

Qin

Wang

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The regulatory functions of plant miRNAs on mammalian bodies are controversial, mainly because stability of the miRNAs in the digestive tract, as the prerequisite for their cross-kingdom effects, has somehow been overlooked. Hence, as the first stage of food ingestion, stability of plant miRNAs in human saliva has been investigated. The results show that plant miRNAs are of considerable resistance against salivary digestion, as surviving miRNAs more than 20 fM are detected. The stability varies dramatically, which can be explained by the difference in tertiary structure, governing their affinities to RNase. Surprisingly, miRNAs of low initial concentrations can end up with high survival rates after digestion. Plant miRNAs can be loaded into exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs) and microcapsules formed by food components, both of which protect the miRNAs from being degraded in human saliva. Overall, plant miRNAs can apply certain strategies to maintain constant concentrations, paving the way for their potential cross-kingdom effects.

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Section: ■ Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Digestion of Plant Dietary miRNAs Starts in the Mouth under the Protection of Coingested Food Components and Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles

Qin

Wang

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…172 However, caution should be taken while selecting the chemical modification, since any alteration to the aptamer sequence may have detrimental consequences on aptamer affinity and specificity. 173 The subsequent automation of this technique has accelerated the discovery of several nucleic acid-based applications, such as in vivo therapies, detection assays, [174][175][176][177] and nanostructures. 178,179 The building blocks for DNA synthesis, the phosphoramidites, consist of the nucleobases adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), or cytosine (C), a 4,4'-dimethoxytrityl (DMT) protective group on the 5' hydroxyl of the ribose sugar, and a phosphite triester at the 3' position.…”

Section: Thioflavin T Assay (Tht)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamer Technology for Diabetes and Co-Morbidities

Ferguson¹

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Given that the number of people who are diagnosed with diabetes continues to rise at an alarming rate, there is a pressing need for therapeutic interventions that are either more efficient or potentially curative. Furthermore, co-morbidities such as kidney failure, thrombosis, thyroid dysfunction, Alzheimer's disease, and an increased risk of severe illness from common viral and bacterial infections are more likely to occur in people who have type 2 diabetes. The advancement of nanotechnology may lead to the diagnostics and therapies that could improve the survival and quality of life of patients with diabetes. Aptamers are oligonucleotides that have the ability to bind to a particular target with a high degree of specificity as well as affinity.Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) is an in vitro evolution method that is responsible for the generation of aptamers. It has been shown that aptamers may function as medicines, diagnostics, theranostics, targeted delivery vehicles, responsive materials and more. This work examines the application of aptamers to diabetes and related comorbidities. The selection and preliminary characterization of aptamers able to interact with Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), a potential causative factor in the development of type II diabetes, are described. An aptamer-based diagnostic for the acute kidney failure biomarker neutrophil gelatinase lipocalin protein is also developed. An aptamer-modified janus nanoparticle system is investigated as a potential theragnostic for thrombosis that could combine photothermal therapy and magnetic resonance imaging. Finally, aptamers for the spike protein component 2 of SARS-CoV2 and a database for aptamer selection experiments are briefly described.iii Preface: This introduction provides bibliographical information for each article that is included into this thesis, along with an explanation of whether the piece is replicated in its whole or in part. The use of content protected by intellectual property laws is also recognised here. If a chapter in this thesis is based on a publication, please reference the article that is relevant to that chapter when you are referring to material from this thesis. Due to the fact that this thesis is written in the style of an integrated thesis, it is essential to take into consideration the possibility that part of the information presented in the introductions, as well as the materials and methods sections, will be repeated.Chapter 1 consists of a brief introduction of necessary background for research conducted in this thesis.Chapter 2 consists of a pretreatment method used for the preparation of monomeric islet amyloid polypeptide. The manuscript was reproduced and edited for formatting and clarity of presentation.Chapter 3 consists of the Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment for islet amyloid polypeptide target.Chapter 4 consists of diagnostic lateral flow-based development for neutrophil gelatinase lipocalin protein, an acute kidney failure biomarker.Chapt...

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Protonation-mediated DNA tile self-assembly with nuclease resistance characteristic for signal-amplified detection of microRNAs

Peng,

Li,

Qiao

et al. 2024

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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DNA-based ribonuclease detection assays

Abstract: This review describes some of the recent developments in DNA-based techniques for ribonuclease detection and discusses methodologies, assay metrics, screening of ribonuclease inhibitors, and future potential.

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

Digestion of Plant Dietary miRNAs Starts in the Mouth under the Protection of Coingested Food Components and Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles

Digestion of Plant Dietary miRNAs Starts in the Mouth under the Protection of Coingested Food Components and Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles

Aptamer Technology for Diabetes and Co-Morbidities

Protonation-mediated DNA tile self-assembly with nuclease resistance characteristic for signal-amplified detection of microRNAs

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