DNA based vaccination with a cocktail of plasmids encoding immunodominant Leishmania (Leishmania) major antigens confers full protection in BALB/c mice

Immunogenicity and efficacy of recombinant 78 kDa antigen of Leishmania donovani formulated in various adjuvants against murine visceral leishmaniasis

“…For the past 20 years, DNA cloning and characterization of genes encoding parasite proteins suitable for the development of defined vaccines have been carried out [7] . Several native and recombinant antigens, tested in murine models, have shown different degrees of protection [1,[8][9][10][11] . Recombinant Ldccys1 protein elicits protective immune responses in Leishmania chagasi infected BALB/c mice [12] .…”

Vaccination with Lentiviral Vector Expressing thenfa1Gene Confers a Protective Immune Response to Mice Infected with Naegleria fowleri

“…In addition, DNA vaccines are attractive because of their ease of production, low cost, and potential for long-lasting immunity (30). Recently, the effects of DNA vaccines against parasitic diseases, such as amebiasis, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, and toxoplasmosis, were reported (31)(32)(33)(34). Viral vectors also have been widely used for gene therapy and DNA vaccination.…”

Immune responses in DNA vaccine formulated with PMMA following immunization and after challenge with Leishmania major

“…The mice were immunized (i.m.) injection into both quadriceps's with 100 ll of PBS, 50 ll in each anterior tibialis muscle (Ahmed et al 2009). Three inoculations were employed with the same DNA and PMMA doses and the same immunization schedule was applied at 3 weeks interval.…”

“…Three mice from each group were sacrificed and parasite burden draining spleens was determined using the limiting dilution method (Ahmed et al 2009). Briefly, seven weeks after challenge a piece of spleen was excised, weighed and then homogenized with a tissue grinder in 2 ml of RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco, Germany) supplemented with 20 % heatinactivated fetal calf serum and Gentamicin (0.1 %).Under sterile conditions, the serial dilutions were prepared in wells of 96 well micro titration plates.…”

“…A number of Leishmania vaccine candidates, including killed parasites, crude parasite fractions, recombinant Leishmania antigens, and antigen-encoding DNA, have been investigated in murine models. But in spite of several tested vaccine protocols no protective vaccine against any clinical leishmaniasis has been produced commercially (Saldarriaga et al 2006;Ahmed et al 2009). DNA vaccination is a new immunization strategy that has many potential advantages over other vaccine strategies.…”