DNA methylomes and transcriptomes analysis reveal implication of host DNA methylation machinery in BmNPV proliferation in Bombyx mori

Huang, Haoling; Wu, Ping; Zhang, Shaolun; Shang, Qi; Yin, Haotong; Hou, Qirui; Zhong, Jinbo; Guo, Xijie

doi:10.21203/rs.2.13658/v1

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Our results reveal that rapid epigenetic changes in response to viral infection precede and presumably trigger profound and widespread transcriptome responses in honey bees. A combination of both transcriptomics and methylomics at multiple time points can reveal the role of and the relation between 5 mC methylation and gene expression profiles under viral infection of insects ( Huang et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic and Epigenomic Dynamics of Honey Bees in Response to Lethal Viral Infection

et al. 2020

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Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) suffer from many brood pathogens, including viruses. Despite considerable research, the molecular responses and dynamics of honey bee pupae to viral pathogens remain poorly understood. Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) is emerging as a model virus since its association with severe colony losses. Using worker pupae, we studied the transcriptomic and methylomic consequences of IAPV infection over three distinct time points after inoculation. Contrasts of gene expression and 5 mC DNA methylation profiles between IAPV-infected and control individuals at these time points-corresponding to the pre-replicative (5 h), replicative (20 h), and terminal (48 h) phase of infection-indicate that profound immune responses and distinct manipulation of host molecular processes accompany the lethal progression of this virus. We identify the temporal dynamics of the transcriptomic response to with more genes differentially expressed in the replicative and terminal phases than in the prereplicative phase. However, the number of differentially methylated regions decreased dramatically from the pre-replicative to the replicative and terminal phase. Several cellular pathways experienced hyper-and hypo-methylation in the pre-replicative phase and later dramatically increased in gene expression at the terminal phase, including the MAPK, Jak-STAT, Hippo, mTOR, TGF-beta signaling pathways, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, and spliceosome. These affected biological functions suggest that adaptive host responses to combat the virus are mixed with viral manipulations of the host to increase its own reproduction, all of which are involved in anti-viral immune response, cell growth, and proliferation. Comparative genomic analyses with other studies of viral infections of honey bees and fruit flies indicated that similar immune pathways are shared. Our results further suggest that dynamic DNA methylation responds to viral infections quickly, regulating subsequent gene activities. Our study provides new insights of molecular mechanisms involved in epigenetic that can serve as foundation for the long-term goal to develop anti-viral strategies for honey bees, the most important commercial pollinator.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic and Epigenomic Dynamics of Honey Bees in Response to Lethal Viral Infection

et al. 2020

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“…This stark reduction in DNA methylation is interesting, given that epigenetic mechanisms are likely important to insect defenses, including possible responses to host endosymbiont-dependent mechanisms [110][111][112]. As with the immune pathways discussed above, this could reflect a loss that is an adaptive response to developing within endosymbiont-protected hosts.…”

Section: Dna Methylation Genesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum

et al. 2020

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Background: Parasitoid wasps have fascinating life cycles and play an important role in trophic networks, yet little is known about their genome content and function. Parasitoids that infect aphids are an important group with the potential for biological control. Their success depends on adapting to develop inside aphids and overcoming both host aphid defenses and their protective endosymbionts. Results: We present the de novo genome assemblies, detailed annotation, and comparative analysis of two closely related parasitoid wasps that target pest aphids: Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). The genomes are small (139 and 141 Mbp) and the most AT-rich reported thus far for any arthropod (GC content: 25.8 and 23.8%). This nucleotide bias is accompanied by skewed codon usage and is stronger in genes with adult-biased expression. AT-richness may be the consequence of reduced genome size, a near absence of DNA methylation, and energy efficiency. We identify missing desaturase genes, whose absence may underlie mimicry in the cuticular hydrocarbon profile of L. fabarum. We highlight key gene groups including those underlying venom composition, chemosensory perception, and sex determination, as well as potential losses in immune pathway genes. Conclusions: These findings are of fundamental interest for insect evolution and biological control applications. They provide a strong foundation for further functional studies into coevolution between parasitoids and their hosts. Both genomes are available at https://bipaa.genouest.org.

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“…Our results reveal that rapid epigenetic changes in response to viral infection precede and presumably trigger profound and widespread transcriptome responses in honey bees. A combination of both transcriptomics and methylomics at multiple time points can reveal the role of and the relation between 5mC methylation and gene expression profiles under viral infection of insects [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic and epigenomic dynamics of honey bees in response to lethal viral infection

Li-Byarlay

Boncristiani

Howell

et al. 2020

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Honey bees (Apis mellifera L) suffer from many brood pathogens, including viruses. Despite considerable research, the molecular responses and dynamics of honey bee pupae to viral pathogens remain poorly understood. Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) is emerging as a model virus since its association with severe colony losses. Using worker pupae, we studied the transcriptomic and methylomic consequences of IAPV infection over three distinct time points after inoculation. Contrasts of gene expression and 5mC DNA methylation profiles between IAPV infected and control individuals at these time points - corresponding to the pre-replicative (5 hr), replicative (20 hr), and terminal (48 hr) phase of infection - indicate that profound immune responses and distinct manipulation of host molecular processes accompany the lethal progression of this virus. We identify the temporal dynamics of the transcriptomic response to with more genes differentially expressed in the replicative and terminal phases than in the pre-replicative phase. However, the number of differentially methylated regions decreased dramatically from the pre-replicative to the replicative and terminal phase. Several cellular pathways experienced hyper- and hypomethylation in the prereplicative phase and later dramatically increased in gene expression at the terminal phase, including the MAPK, Jak-STAT, Hippo, mTOR, TGF-beta signaling pathways, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, and spliceosome. These affected biological functions suggest that adaptive host responses to combat the virus are mixed with viral manipulations of the host to increase its own reproduction, all of which are involved in anti-viral immune response, cell growth, and proliferation. Comparative genomic analyses with other studies of viral infections of honey bees and fruit flies indicated that similar immune pathways are shared. Our results further suggest that dynamic DNA methylation responds to viral infections quickly, regulating subsequent gene activities. Our study provides new insights of molecular mechanisms involved in epigenetic that can serve as foundation for the long-term goal to develop anti-viral strategies for honey bees, the most important commercial pollinator.

show abstract

DNA methylomes and transcriptomes analysis reveal implication of host DNA methylation machinery in BmNPV proliferation in Bombyx mori

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Transcriptomic and Epigenomic Dynamics of Honey Bees in Response to Lethal Viral Infection

Transcriptomic and Epigenomic Dynamics of Honey Bees in Response to Lethal Viral Infection

Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum

Transcriptomic and epigenomic dynamics of honey bees in response to lethal viral infection

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