DNA Mini-barcoding for wildlife trade control: a case study on identification of highly processed animal materials

Janjua, Safia; Fakhar-i-Abbas,; William, Kainaat; Malik, Inayat Ullah; Mehr, Javed

doi:10.3109/24701394.2016.1155051

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The results were consistent with a previously reported study that identified G. gecko from adulterants using COI regions [11,22]. DNA minibarcoding and specific-PCR identification are becoming more popular methods for effective species identification [24,25,31], especially for specimens with degraded DNA, such as archival specimens, processed foods, functional foods, and Chinese patent medicines [26,27,[32][33][34][35]. For a more sensitive identification of G. gecko in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Specific DNA mini-barcoding for identification of Gekko gecko and its products

Ding

Yao

et al. 2020

Chin Med

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Background The dry body of the Tokay Gecko (Gekko gecko) is the source of a valuable traditional Chinese medicine, it is therefore listed as a Class II protected animal species in China. Due to increasing market demand and a declining supply of the species, a considerable number of adulterants have emerged in the market. Thus, it is necessary to establish an accurate and rapid method of identification for distinguishing G. gecko from its adulterants and for separating it from highly processed products. Methods A total of 274 COI sequences were analyzed by using MEGA 5.0 software. Several specific primers were designed to amplify mini-barcode regions and identify G. gecko from its counterfeits and products. Results 274 COI sequences of G. gecko and 15 adulterants species were analyzed. G. gecko could be distinguished from its adulterants through BLAST analysis, intra- and inter-specific distance analyses, and an NJ tree based on COI sequences. Two pairs of specific primers designed for this study, COISF2/COISR2 and COISF3/COISR3, amplified 200- and 133-bp fragments of the COI region, respectively, both of which were suitable for the identification of G. gecko and its adulterants. Furthermore, COISF3/COISR3 detected G. gecko in 15 batches of products. Conclusion Therefore, the specific DNA mini-barcoding method developed here may be a powerful tool for the identification of G. gecko and counterfeits, and may also be used to distinguish G. gecko from its highly processed by-products.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Specific DNA mini-barcoding for identification of Gekko gecko and its products

Ding

Yao

et al. 2020

Chin Med

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show abstract

“…The results were consistent with a previously reported study that identi ed G. gecko from adulterants using COI regions [11,22]. DNA mini-barcoding and speci c-PCR identi cation are becoming more popular methods for effective species identi cation [24,25,31], especially for specimens with degraded DNA, such as archival specimens, processed foods, functional foods, and Chinese patent medicines [26,27,[32][33][34][35]. For a more sensitive identi cation of G. gecko in 2001, it was distinguished from 14 adulterants through allele-speci c diagnostic PCR which ampli ed 260-bp fragments of the 12S rRNA gene [36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Specific DNA Mini-Barcoding for Identification of Gekko Gecko and Its Products

Ding

Yao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The dry body of the Tokay Gecko (Gekko gecko) is the source of a valuable traditional Chinese medicine, it is therefore listed as a Class II protected animal species in China. Due to increasing market demand and a declining supply of the species, a considerable number of adulterants have emerged in the market. Thus, it is necessary to establish an accurate and rapid method of identification for distinguishing G. gecko from its adulterants and for separating it from highly processed products.Methods: A total of 274 COI sequences were analyzed by using MEGA 5.0 software. Several specific primers were designed to amplify mini-barcode regions and identify G. gecko from its counterfeits and products.Results: 274 COI sequences of 16 G. gecko species and adulterants were analyzed. G. gecko could be distinguished from its adulterants through BLAST analysis, intra- and inter-specific distance analyses, and an NJ tree based on COI sequences. Two pairs of specific primers designed for this study, COISF2/COISR2 and COISF3/COISR3, amplified 200- and 133-bp fragments of the COI region, respectively, both of which were suitable for the identification of G. gecko and its adulterants. Furthermore, COISF3/COISR3 detected G. gecko in 15 batches of products.Conclusion: Therefore, the specific DNA mini-barcoding method developed here may be a powerful tool for the identification of G. gecko and counterfeits, and may also be used to distinguish G. gecko from its highly processed by-products.

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“…Genetic analyses have become a powerful analytical tool to elucidate the species identity and trace the geographic origin of various valuable artefacts of biogenic origin. These include processed products of tortoise shell 22 , snake skin 23 , fur 24,25 , ivory 26,27 or tiger bones 28 . Of greatest relevance to this present study, Meyer, et al 29 reported quasi-nondestructive species identification of pearls based on DNA analysis, where so little amount of pearl material was used for the analyses that the market value of the pearl was not compromised.…”

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confidence: 99%

DNA fingerprinting: an effective tool for taxonomic identification of precious corals in jewelry

Lendvay

Cartier

Gysi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Precious coral species have been used to produce jewelry and ornaments since antiquity. Due to the high value and demand for corals, some coral beds have been heavily fished over past centuries. Fishing and international trade regulations were put in place to regulate fishing practices in recent decades. To this date, the control of precious coral exploitation and enforcement of trade rules have been somewhat impaired by the fact that different species of worked coral samples can be extremely difficult to distinguish, even for trained experts. Here, we developed methods to use DNA recovered from precious coral samples worked for jewelry to identify their species. We evaluated purity and quantity of DNA extracted using five different techniques. Then, a minimally invasive sampling protocol was tested, which allowed genetic analysis without compromising the value of the worked coral objects.The best performing DNA extraction technique applies decalcification of the skeletal material with EDTA in the presence of laurylsarcosyl and proteinase, and purification of the DNA with a commercial silica membrane. This method yielded pure DNA in all cases using 100 mg coral material and in over half of the cases when using "quasi non-destructive" sampling with sampled material amounts as low as 2.3 mg. Sequence data of the recovered DNA gave an indication that the range of precious coral species present in the trade is broader than previously anticipated. Precious corals are among the most appreciated and oldest known gems. They are valued for their color, texture and workability (polishing, carving), and have thus been collected and used for adornment for millennia 1-3. Growing demand, particularly in Asia in recent years, has led to an increase in prices of precious corals used in jewelry 4-6. The most valuable precious coral species belong to the Coralliidae family within the Octocorallia subclass of the Anthozoa. The precious coral material used for jewelry is the worked (i.e. cut, carved and polished) hard coral skeletal axis, which is a biogenic material created by a biomineralization process 7. In this process, closely packed magnesium-rich calcite crystals are secreted by coral polyps (1-2 mm in size) to build up a skeleton over decades. The polyps can thrive on the surface of the skeleton as colonies connected and surrounded by a 0.5-1 mm thick surface tissue (coenenchyme) 8. The Coral Commission of The World Jewellery Confederation (CIBJO) lists eight Coralliidae species as significant in the precious coral jewelry industry 9,10. Precious coral products are sold worldwide, with production centers located in Italy, Japan and Taiwan and large-scale trade of raw material between these areas 5,6,11. Until recent decades, the populations of these highly coveted marine animals experienced exploitation in boom and bust cycles where the discovery of precious coral beds led to rushes by coral fishers and these beds were exploited as long as it remained economically feasible 12,13. Local and international regulations were put...

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DNA Mini-barcoding for wildlife trade control: a case study on identification of highly processed animal materials

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Specific DNA mini-barcoding for identification of Gekko gecko and its products

Specific DNA mini-barcoding for identification of Gekko gecko and its products

Specific DNA Mini-Barcoding for Identification of Gekko Gecko and Its Products

DNA fingerprinting: an effective tool for taxonomic identification of precious corals in jewelry

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