DNA Separation in Nanowall Array Chips

Abstract

A nanowall array structure was fabricated on a quartz chip as a separation matrix of DNA fragments, and a 30 s separation was realized for a mixture of DNA fragments (48.5 and 1 kbp fragments) by applying the electric voltage. A longer DNA fragment migrates faster than a shorter one in a nanowall array chip, and it is completely different from the separation of DNA based on gel electrophoresis, nanopillar chips, and nanoparticle array chips. Although the result is similar to DNA separation by entropic trapping, it could not be fully explained by entropic trapping phenomena. Direct observation of single-DNA molecular dynamics inside a nanowall array structure indicates that both confined elongation and relaxation recoiling of a DNA molecule occur, and an elongated DNA molecule migrates faster than a recoiled DNA molecule. Numerical fitting of DNA molecular dynamics reveals that the balance between times for the transverse of a DNA molecule in the nanowall array chip and the relaxation-recoiling of a DNA molecule governs the separation of DNA.

Nanobiodevice-based Single Biomolecule Analysis, Single-Cell Analysis, and in vivo Imaging for Cancer Diagnosis, Cancer Theranostics, and iPS Cell-based Regenerative Medicine

“…Two different types of nanofabrication technologies were established: 1) the so-called top-down nanotechnology, which is combined electron-beam lithography and plasma dry etching and 2) so-called bottom-up nanotechnology, which involves vapor-liquid-solid nanowire growth technique, to make nanopillar 2,5,6,41,46 and nanowire 56 structures with a high aspect ratio on quartz glass chips as shown in Fig. 2.…”

“…[16][17][18] The research efforts in my laboratory have been focused on the development of novel nanobiodevices for biomedical applications. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] In this review article, we mainly overview our research activities, including nanobiodevices for single-cell analysis, [20][21][22][23][24][25] single biomolecule analysis, 19,[26][27][28][29]41,46,50,[54][55][56][57][58] biomarker detections, 23,[30][31][32][33]39,[47][48][49] cancer theranostics, and iPS cell in vivo imaging. [20][21][22][23][24][25][34][35][36][37][38]…”

A novel SU-8 nanofluidic chip fabrication technique based on traditional UV photolithography

“…For the fabrication of nanofluidic chips, there are some methods can be used: (1) Beam based method, such as proton beam (PB) (van Kan et al 2012), electron beam (EB) (Yasui et al 2011), and focused ion beam (FIB) (Menard and Ramsey 2011). To fabricate nanofluidic chips, microchannels should also be fabricated.…”

Experimental and Numerical Study on PDMS Collapse for Fabrication of Micro/Nanochannels

“…The most commonly used method is beam based methods. By using electron beam [9][10][11], proton beam [12,13], or focused ion beam [14,15], silicon or quartz micro/nanochannels can be easily fabricated. However, this technique can not widely accessible, since the equipments these methods used are very expensive.…”