DNA variability and parentage testing in captive Waldrapp ibises

Signer, Esther; Schmidt, Christian R.; Jeffreys, A. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.1994.tb00069.x

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, previous molecular studies have found errors in studbooks (e.g. Waldrapp ibis (Signer et al, 1994), Bali starling (Ashworth and Parkin, 1992) and Arabian oryx (Marshall et al, 1999)) meaning that it is probable that some of the pedigrees analysed here contained errors.…”

Section: Statistical Performance Of the Modelsmentioning

confidence: 96%

An investigation of inbreeding depression and purging in captive pedigreed populations

2006

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We use regression models to investigate the effects of inbreeding in 119 zoo populations, encompassing 88 species of mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. Meta-analyses show that inbreeding depression for neonatal survival was significant across the 119 populations although the severity of inbreeding depression appears to vary among taxa. However, few predictors of a population's response to inbreeding are found reliable. The models are most likely to detect inbreeding depression in large populations, that is, in populations in which their statistical power is maximised. Purging was found to be significant in 14 populations and a significant trend of purging was found across populations. The change in inbreeding depression due to purging averaged across the 119 populations is o1%, however, suggesting that the fitness benefits of purging are rarely appreciable. The study re-emphasises the necessity to avoid inbreeding in captive breeding programmes and shows that purging cannot be relied upon to remove deleterious alleles from zoo populations.

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Section: Statistical Performance Of the Modelsmentioning

confidence: 96%

An investigation of inbreeding depression and purging in captive pedigreed populations

2006

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“…The use of minisatellites detected by DNA fingerprinting in these various species has been largely restricted to studies of population structure and mating patterns, conservation biology, genetic diversity and the development of genetic markers [99][100][101][102]. The systematic isolation of rat, mouse and pig minisatellites showed that authentic human-like minisatellites do exist in non-primate species [101,103,104], with 10 to 60 bp long GC-rich repeat units and the presence of variant repeat sequences interspersed along the repeat array.…”

Section: Minisatellites In Non-human Organismsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Minisatellite instability and germline mutation

Bois

Jeffreys

1999

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS)

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Tandem-repeat DNA actively turns over in the genome by a variety of poorly understood dynamic mechanisms. Minisatellites, a class of tandem repeats, have been shown to cause disease by influencing gene expression, modifying coding sequences within genes or generating fragile sites. There has been recent rapid progress towards understanding molecular turnover processes at human minisatellites. Instability at GC-rich minisatellites appears to involve distinct mutation processes operating in somatic and germline cells. In the germline, complex conversion-like events occur, probably during meiosis. Repeat turnover appears to be controlled by intense recombinational activity in DNA flanking the repeat array, suggesting that minisatellites might evolve as by-products of localised meiotic recombination in the human genome. In contrast, AT-rich minisatellites appear to evolve by intra-allelic processes such as replication slippage. Curiously, minisatellites in other organisms appear to be more stable than their human counterparts, suggesting species-specific differences in turnover processes. Some yeast models display human-like minisatellite turnover processes at meiosis. However, all attempts to transfer human germline instability to transgenic mice have failed. Finally, tandem repeat instability in various species appears to be extremely sensitive to environmental agents such as radiation via a mechanism which remains enigmatic.

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“…Genetic studies revealed that studbooks often contain erroneous or incomplete pedigree information (e.g. Signer et al 1994). The molecular inbreeding coefficient F IS describes the deviation between observed and expected heterozygosities (assuming Hardy-Weinberg-Equilibrium).…”

Section: Management Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pedigree data has been shown to be erroneous in several captive populations (e.g. Przewalski's horses (Bowling et al 2003); Waldrapp ibises (Signer et al 1994); Arabian oryx (Marshall et al 1999)). Molecular genetic analyses can provide much more realistic insights into the relationships within captive populations and their population genetic structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ex situ conservation genetics: a review of molecular studies on the genetic consequences of captive breeding programmes for endangered animal species

2011

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Captive breeding has become an important tool in species conservation programmes. Current management strategies for ex situ populations are based on theoretical models, which have mainly been tested in model species or assessed using studbook data. During recent years an increasing number of molecular genetic studies have been published on captive populations of several endangered species. However, a comprehensive analysis of these studies is still outstanding. Here, we present a review of the published literature on ex situ conservation genetics with a focus on molecular studies. We analysed 188 publications which either presented empirical studies using molecular markers (105), studbook analyses (26), theoretical work (38), or tested the genetic effects of management strategies using model species (19). The results show that inbreeding can be minimized by a thorough management of captive populations. There seems to be a minimum number of founders (15) and a minimum size of a captive population (100) necessary in order to minimize a loss of genetic diversity. Optimally, the founders should be unrelated and new founders should be integrated into the captive population successively. We recommend that genetic analyses should generally precede and accompany ex situ conservation projects in order to avoid inbreeding and outbreeding depression. Furthermore, many of the published studies do not provide all the relevant parameters (founder size, captive population size, H o , H e , inbreeding coefficients). We, therefore, propose that a general standard for the presentation of genetic studies should be established, which would allow integration of the data into a global database.

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DNA variability and parentage testing in captive Waldrapp ibises

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

An investigation of inbreeding depression and purging in captive pedigreed populations

An investigation of inbreeding depression and purging in captive pedigreed populations

Minisatellite instability and germline mutation

Ex situ conservation genetics: a review of molecular studies on the genetic consequences of captive breeding programmes for endangered animal species

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