Do affluent nations value a clean environment and preserve it? Evaluating the N-shaped environmental Kuznets curve

Shaheen, Fiza; Zaman, Khalid; Lodhi, Muhammad Saeed; Nassani, Abdelmohsen A.; Haffar, Mohamed; Abro, Muhammad Moinuddin Qazi

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-19104-2

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…The study emphasized the need to include green energy sources in national energy grids to sustain economic growth and manage urbanization issues across countries. Shaheen et al [63] collected data from high-income countries from 1976 to 2019 to assess the relationships between inward FDI, ICTS, R&D expenditures, and economic growth and their resulting impact on carbon emissions. The results confirmed the N-shaped relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions, with the latter controlling the other factors.…”

Section: H1: Agriculture Industrial and Energy-associated Methane Emi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling air pollution by lowering methane emissions, conserving natural resources, and slowing urbanization in a panel of selected Asian economies

Hanif

Lateef²,

Hussain³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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The destruction of the earth’s ecosystems is the most pressing issue globally. Carbon emissions account for nearly half of global air pollution. Methane is the primary source of ground-level ozone and a significant source of greenhouse gases (GHGs), with greater warming potential than carbon dioxide emissions. The study examines the impact of the different methane emissions (released by agriculture, energy, and industrial sectors), urbanization, natural resource depletion, and livestock production on carbon emissions in the panel of selected Asian countries for the period of 1971 to 2020. The results show that energy associated methane emissions, livestock production, natural resource depletion, and urbanization are the main detrimental factors of environmental degradation across countries. The causality estimates show the unidirectional relationship running from livestock production and agriculture methane emissions to carbon emissions, from total methane emissions and carbon emissions to urbanization and from urbanization to energy methane emissions and livestock production. The forecasting estimates suggest that total methane emissions, natural resource depletion, and urbanization will likely increase carbon emissions over the next ten years. The study concludes that the energy sector should adopt renewable energy sources in its production process to minimize carbon emissions. Urbanization and excessive resource exploitation must be curtailed to attain carbon neutrality.

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Section: H1: Agriculture Industrial and Energy-associated Methane Emi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling air pollution by lowering methane emissions, conserving natural resources, and slowing urbanization in a panel of selected Asian economies

Hanif

Lateef²,

Hussain³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Secondly, the study uses R&D expenditures and inbound FDI as substitutes for innovation factors and greenfield investment to create an energy innovation system. This approach is novel, as earlier studies have mainly limited their discussion to economic development and FD, whereas this study has a broader scope that can help to propose sound policy inferences for reaching the COP26 governance agenda goals [63][64][65].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for Post−COP26 Governance to Facilitate the Deployment of Low−Carbon Energy Infrastructure: An Open Door Policy

Imran

Khan

Zaman

et al. 2023

Climate

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Temperatures worldwide continue to climb, while carbon emissions have exceeded previous records. To achieve environmental sustainability, countries with the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement (COP26) demonstrate sophisticated technical expertise and deploy environmentally driven technologies, such as greenfield investment and renewable energy infrastructure. This proposal presents an intriguing opportunity for policymakers to identify the distinct characteristics of institutional reforms and green energy sources that may be used to mitigate carbon emissions. Governance regulatory factors, foreign direct investment (FDI), renewable energy consumption (REC), research and development expenditures, urbanization, and carbon emissions are examined in Pakistan. The study estimated the short- and long-run association between the variables using the ARDL bounds testing method for 1996Q1 to 2020Q4. In the short run, in terms of carbon emissions and economic output, the country has an upturned cord environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). The race-to-the-bottom concept holds for countries with U-shaped EKCs in the long term. The negative correlation between overseas investment and environmental damage supports the environmental halo hypothesis. Investment in research and technology may reduce emissions, even though urbanization increases them. Future and present REC are often intertwined with carbon footprints. Carbon emissions are also strongly connected with indicators of institutional quality (IQ), such as procedural efficiency, administrative effectiveness, and political unrest. The research findings demonstrated unidirectional Granger causality running from urbanization, government effectiveness, economic growth, and R&D expenditures to carbon emissions to validate urban-led emissions, institutional-led emissions, growth-led emissions, and innovation-led emissions in a country. Furthermore, R&D expenditure Granger causality was linked to inbound FDI, while government effectiveness Granger causality was linked to REC and R&D expenditures. Following the COP26 guidelines for achieving shared prosperity, the study concluded that good governance reforms, R&D expenditures, greenfield investment, and REC promote environmental sustainability and maintain air quality.

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“…This study addresses this gap by incorporating technological innovation, the renewable power market and biological resource governance to improve air quality by mitigating PM2.5 concentration. Second, although previous research on the EKC has primarily examined (Agozie et al., 2022; Sadiqa et al., 2022; Shaheen, Zaman, et al., 2022; Shaheen, Lodhi, et al., 2022), limited interest has been given to the nexus between the EKC and PM2.5 emissions (Zhang, 2021). This study fills this gap by analysing the EKC trend about PM2.5 emissions, providing valuable insights for policymakers in devising sustainable policies.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

From pollution to progress: Exploring the role of cleaner technology, energy efficiency and sustainable production in reducing PM2.5 levels in China

et al. 2023

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Air pollution, particularly particulate matter (PM2.5) levels, was a significant focus at the COP26 summit. Rampant production practices and changing lifestyles contribute to the issue globally. China's rapid urbanization and reliance on fossil fuels significantly threaten global health sustainability. This study aims to evaluate China's environmental agenda and offer policy recommendations for achieving a green and clean environment. To accomplish this, the study assesses the crucial factors contributing to China's air pollution levels, focusing specifically on fine PM2.5 from 1975 to 2020. By implementing the ARDL bounds testing approach, the study confirmed a non‐linear relationship between per capita income and PM2.5, demonstrating an inverted U‐shaped curve with a turning point observed at a per capita income level of US$3030 in the short run. Furthermore, a positive correlation between these variables was detected in the long run. The study also revealed that rapid urbanization initially leads to increased PM2.5 concentrations, whereas it has a decreasing effect in the long term. To progress towards sustainable production and consumption, China has embraced efficient environmental technologies and increasing clean energy sources in its production mix. Leveraging these strategies, the country strives to achieve its decarbonization agenda and ensure a cleaner future. By conducting an ex ante analysis, this study identified ecological technologies, renewable energy demand and oil resource rents as critical influencers on China's air pollution levels over the next decade. The findings underscore the pressing need to embrace alternative energy sources, eco‐friendly technologies and resource conservation to tackle air pollution effectively and accomplish China's decarbonization objectives. It is imperative to prioritize adopting sustainable practices, ensuring a cleaner environment for current and future generations.

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Do affluent nations value a clean environment and preserve it? Evaluating the N-shaped environmental Kuznets curve

Cited by 17 publications

References 135 publications

Controlling air pollution by lowering methane emissions, conserving natural resources, and slowing urbanization in a panel of selected Asian economies

Controlling air pollution by lowering methane emissions, conserving natural resources, and slowing urbanization in a panel of selected Asian economies

Opportunities for Post−COP26 Governance to Facilitate the Deployment of Low−Carbon Energy Infrastructure: An Open Door Policy

From pollution to progress: Exploring the role of cleaner technology, energy efficiency and sustainable production in reducing PM2.5 levels in China

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