Do angiosperm tree species adjust intervessel lateral contact in response to soil drought?

Jupa, Radek; Krabičková, Dita; Plichta, Roman; Mayr, Stefan; Gloser, Vít

doi:10.1111/ppl.13435

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Despite the continuous embolism spread, there was no tendency for stomata closure induced by limited water delivery, as >90% of the total xylem area remained conductive and provided sufficient conductive capacity to supply the leaves of current-year shoots by water. Besides, good lateral connectivity of the vessels in both studied species could further facilitate bypass of the embolized xylem portion underneath the bark wound and streamlined water delivery to the leaves of current-year shoots with small negative impacts on the hydraulic conductivity ( Figure 3 , Jupa et al. 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sustained lateral transport between annual rings may improve the hydration of the embolized region and help to alleviate the development of tension-driven embolism under unlimited water supply by transpiration flow. Moreover, a good lateral connectivity within and between annual rings can allow bypass of the embolized region and compensate for the loss of conductive xylem area ( Jupa et al. 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bark wounding triggers gradual embolism spreading in two diffuse-porous tree species

Jupa,

Pokorná

2023

Tree Physiology

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Xylem transport is essential for the growth, development and survival of vascular plants. Bark wounding may increase the risk of xylem transport failure by tension-driven embolism. However, the consequences of bark wounding for xylem transport are poorly understood. Here, we examined the impacts of the bark wounding on embolism formation, leaf water potential and gas exchange in the terminal branches of two diffuse-porous tree species (Acer platanoides L. and Prunus avium L.). The effects of bark removal were examined on field-grown mature trees exposed to increased evaporative demands on a short-term and longer-term basis (6 h vs 6 days after bark wounding). Bark removal of 30% of branch circumference had a limited effect on the xylem hydraulic conductivity when embolized vessels were typically restricted to the last annual ring near the bark wound. Over the 6-day exposure, the non-conductive xylem area had significantly increased in the xylem tissue underneath the bark wound (from 22–29% to 51–52% of the last annual ring area in the bark wound zone), pointing to gradual yet relatively limited embolism spreading to deeper xylem layers over time. In both species, the bark removal tended to result in a small but non-significant increase in the percent loss of hydraulic conductivity compared with control intact branches 6 days after bark wounding (from 6 to 8–10% in both species). The bark wounding had no significant effects on midday leaf water potential, CO2 assimilation rates, stomatal conductance and water-use efficiency of the leaves of the current-year shoot, possibly due to limited impacts on xylem transport. The results of this study demonstrate that bark wounding induces limited but gradual embolism spreading. However, the impacts of bark wounding may not significantly limit water delivery to distal organs and leaf gas exchange at the scale of several days.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bark wounding triggers gradual embolism spreading in two diffuse-porous tree species

Jupa,

Pokorná

2023

Tree Physiology

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“…Moreover, these traits could also be adjusted to an increased or reduced transport efficiency (or safety), depending on environmental conditions (e.g. Jupa et al ., 2021; Sorek et al ., 2021). In fact, our simulations predicted that as little as 10% change in T PM inversely associated with A P and vice‐versa, may represent c .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiosperms follow a convex trade‐off to optimize hydraulic safety and efficiency

Pereira,

Kaack,

Guan

et al. 2023

New Phytologist

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Summary Intervessel pits are considered to function as valves that avoid embolism spreading and optimize efficient transport of xylem sap across neighbouring vessels. Hydraulic transport between vessels would therefore follow a safety‐efficiency trade‐off, which is directly related to the total intervessel pit area (Ap), inversely related to the pit membrane thickness (TPM) and driven by a pressure difference. To test this hypothesis, we modelled the relative transport rate of gas (ka) and water (Q) at the intervessel pit level for 23 angiosperm species and correlated these parameters with the water potential at which 50% of embolism occurs (Ψ50). We also measured ka for 10 species using pneumatic measurements. The pressure difference across adjacent vessels and estimated values of ka and Q were related to Ψ50, following a convex safety‐efficiency trade‐off based on modelled and experimental data. Minor changes in TPM and Ap exponentially affected the pressure difference and flow, respectively. Our results provide clear evidence that a xylem safety‐efficiency trade‐off is not linear, but convex due to flow across intervessel pit membranes, which represent mesoporous media within microporous conduits. Moreover, the convex nature of long‐distance xylem transport may contribute to an adjustable fluid balance of plants, depending on environmental conditions.

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“…The community mean SCD is higher in fertile soil, which has rarely been discussed in previous studies. SCD is considered to reflect hydraulic safety and response to water availability (Poorter et al, 2010; Jupa et al, 2021). However, there is no clear conclusion linking SCD with soil fertility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment shapes tree community traits in China's forests

Zhang

Yan

Guo

et al. 2022

J Vegetation Science

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Question Environmental filtering plays an important role in plant community assembly. To what extent does the broad‐scale environment influence the functional composition of woody plants in China's forests? Is there stronger trait convergence under harsher environmental conditions? Location China. Methods We characterized community traits and their relationships to climate and soil, using a data set with 1312 plots of tree communities composed of 1591 tree species and 10 functional traits across China. Using quadratic models, we explored how community traits change with different environmental factors. Results Trait spectra at the species level and the community level were significantly correlated, and the first two principal components captured 74.5% of the variation in community‐weighted mean traits. The trait spectra showed a clear elevational pattern and varied along climate and soil gradients. Compared with random expectations, the multi‐trait functional diversity showed a divergence pattern on poor soils at the plot scale. Conclusions Two well‐known dimensions, the leaf economics spectrum and size‐related spectrum, could be extended from the species level to the community level. Environment, especially climate conditions, drives the trait spectra and their elevational patterns at the broad scale, indicating environmental filtering might shape the trait composition of tree communities in China. However, stronger environmental filtering does not occur under harsher environmental conditions.

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Do angiosperm tree species adjust intervessel lateral contact in response to soil drought?

Cited by 11 publications

References 75 publications

Bark wounding triggers gradual embolism spreading in two diffuse-porous tree species

Bark wounding triggers gradual embolism spreading in two diffuse-porous tree species

Angiosperms follow a convex trade‐off to optimize hydraulic safety and efficiency

Environment shapes tree community traits in China's forests

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