Do Anxiety Patients Differ in Autonomic Base Levels and Stress Response from Normal Controls?

Albus, Margot; Zellner, Andreas; Ackenheil, Manfred; Braune, S; Engel, Rolf R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73543-1_16

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Even for tonic heart rate levels, we find no differences between the groups. However, the empirical findings for this point are equivocal (Albus et al, 1988;Beck, Stanley, Averill, Baldwin & Deagle, 1992;Roth, Ehlens, Taylor, Margraf & Agras, 1990;Roth et al, 1992; see also the overview of Ehlers, 1993). As Ehlers (1993) pointed out, the elevated heart rates found in some studies may be the result of phobic reactions to the laboratory situation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chignon, Lepine & Ades, 1993). On the other hand, several studies found no evidence of a globally elevated physiological reactivity in patients with panic disorder (Albus, Zellner, Ackenheil, Braune & Engel, 1988;Asmundson & Stein, 1994;Roth et af., 1986). Even during panic attacks, the majority of panic patients did not have an elevated heart rate (Margraf, Taylor, Ehlers, Roth & Agras, 1987).…”

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Responses to activation and rest in patients with panic disorder and major depression

Rief

Hermanutz²

1996

British J Clinic Psychol

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Physical activity may be a trigger for panic attacks in patients with panic disorder, while exercise may have an antidepressant effect in patients with major depression. In order to examine reactions to rest as well as to exercise periods, we assessed physiological responses (heart rate, blood pressure), subjective responses on a visual analogue scale, and attentional responses with the span of apprehension test. Twenty participants met the diagnostic criteria for panic disorder, 20 patients had major depression, and 20 participants served as controls. Patients with major depression showed slower reaction times than participants in the other groups; this difference was more pronounced with increased task difficulty. Physical activation led to lower depression scores in all groups. Patients with panic disorder had elevated anxiety scores after physical activation, but also after rest. Heart rate as well as systolic blood pressure showed the expected acceleration after physical activation, but there were no differences between the groups. Activation did not seem to influence attentional performance as measured by the span of apprehension test. Results are consistent with a cognitive view of panic disorder. In contrast to patients with panic disorder, patients with major depression seem to have an attentional deficit which is more pronounced with more complex cognitive processing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Responses to activation and rest in patients with panic disorder and major depression

Rief

Hermanutz²

1996

British J Clinic Psychol

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Onset of Panic Disorder With Agoraphobia

Lelliott¹

1989

Arch Gen Psychiatry

121

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Anxiogenic properties of yohimbine

Albus¹,

Zahn

Breier

1992

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Nuerosci

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To study the pharmacological induction of stress along with psychological stress and their possible interaction, 20 mg yohimbine and placebo orally were administered to 8 panic patients on placebo treatment, 7 panic patients on alprazolam treatment and 12 controls in a double-blind crossover design. Two structured situations which can be considered as 'neutral' stressors were included: a mental arithmetic task and a continuous performance task. Mental arithmetic induced robust increases in ratings of panicky, anxiety, nervousness, heart rate and electrodermal activity, while the continuous performance task induced increases exclusively in skin conductance reaction. Patients responded to these tasks less than controls with regard to subjective ratings and electrodermal activity. Yohimbine did not potentiate the response to the tasks in the patients. In controls, heart rate during the mental arithmetic task, but not during rest, was increased after yohimbine. In contrast to other yohimbine challenge studies no panic attacks were observed. It is hypothesized that the experimental design together with an instructional set that reduces expectancy factors and the inclusion of structured and time-limited tasks in a challenge paradigm is able to reduce the anxiogenic effects of yohimbine.

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Do Anxiety Patients Differ in Autonomic Base Levels and Stress Response from Normal Controls?

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Responses to activation and rest in patients with panic disorder and major depression

Responses to activation and rest in patients with panic disorder and major depression

Onset of Panic Disorder With Agoraphobia

Anxiogenic properties of yohimbine

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