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AbstractWe use administrative data on Swedish lottery players to estimate the causal impact of wealth on players' own health and their children's health and developmental outcomes. Our estimation sample is large, virtually free of attrition, and allows us to control for the factorssuch as the number of lottery tickets -conditional on which the prizes were randomly assigned. In adults, we …nd no evidence that wealth impacts mortality or health care utilization, with the possible exception of a small reduction in the consumption of mental health drugs. Our estimates allow us to rule out e¤ects on 10-year mortality one sixth as large the cross-sectional gradient. In our intergenerational analyses, we …nd that wealth increases children's health care utilization in the years following the lottery and may also reduce obesity risk. The e¤ects on most other child outcomes, which include drug consumption, scholastic performance, and skills, can usually be bounded to a tight interval around zero. Overall, our …ndings suggest that correlations observed in a-uent, developed countries between (i) wealth and health or (ii) parental income and children's outcomes do not re ‡ect a causal e¤ect of wealth.