Do estigma da psicose maníaco-depressiva ao incentivo ao tratamento do transtorno bipolar: a evolução da abordagem em dois veículos midiáticos nos últimos 40 anos

Abstract

Do estigma da psicose maníaco-depressiva ao incentivo ao tratamento do transtorno bipolar: a evolução da abordagem em dois veículos midiáticos nos últimos 40 anosAlém disso, artigos mais antigos, que utilizam principalmente o termo "maníaco-depressivo", tendem a ser mais estigmatizantes e com menor pretensão informativa. Já artigos mais recentes, em que a expressão "transtorno bipolar" é mais utilizada, tendem a incentivar a busca de tratamento. Conclusão: Sugere-se que a abordagem midiática do transtorno bipolar, comparada ao tratamento recebido pela psicose maníaco-depressiva, é marcada pela maior assimilação do referencial biomédico. aBSTraCT objective: To examine the evolution over the past 40 years of the midia approach to bipolar disorder. methods: A search was performed using the terms "bipolar disorder" and "manic-depressive" in the Brazilian magazine Veja and in American newspaper The New York Times. A sample of 40 texts from each source was analyzed. The texts were divided into two groups, one dated of the years between 1970 and 1999 and the second from 2000 to 2009. results: Between 1970 and 1999 it is most often used the term "manic-depressive", but in the decade of 2000-2009, the term "bipolar disorder" prevails widely. In addition, ol der articles, which predominantly use the term "manic-depressive" tend to be more stigmatizing and less informative. Recent articles, on the other hand, feature more often the term "bipolar disorder" and tend to encourage treatment seeking. Conclusion: It is suggested that the midia approach to bipolar disorder, in comparison with the one given to manicdepressive psychosis, is characterized by a closer assimilation of the biomedical model.

Stigma related to bipolar disorder in the perception of psychiatrists from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

“…Patients often seek a psychiatric diagnosis as a way to understand the phenomena they suffer and find out solutions. The trivialization of bipolar disorder diagnosis implies a duality because, on one hand, it helps to reduce the stigma related to this disorder, on the other hand, it can lead to overdiagnosis of bipolar disorder, both by professionals and by many individuals who identify themselves with this disorder and begin to seek and require medical interventions 25,26 .…”