Do Female Mandrills Prefer Brightly Colored Males?

Setchell, Joanna M.

doi:10.1007/s10764-005-5305-7

Cited by 110 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Beyond the striking diversity of their faces, primates have intricate and highly conserved neurological pathways for facial recognition [24][25][26][27] , and multiple species have evolved conspicuous facial colours that function during mate selection (for example, red 28,29 ). In the New World primate radiation (Platyrrhini), the evolution of facial colour patterns is linked to social recognition; species with small social groups have evolved complexly patterned faces 8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptive response to sociality and ecology drives the diversification of facial colour patterns in catarrhines

et al. 2013

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The faces of Old World monkeys and apes (Catarrhini) exhibit every possible hue in the spectrum of mammal colours. Animal colouration experiences selection for communication, physiology and ecology; however, the relative importance of these factors in producing facial diversity in catarrhines is not known. Here we adopt a comparative approach to test whether facial traits have evolved in tandem with social, geographic and ecological pressures across four catarrhine radiations. Our analyses reveal the underlying correlates of two major axes in the evolution of facial diversity. Facial colour patterns are linked to social factors, such that gregarious and highly sympatric species have evolved more colours in their faces. Facial pigmentation tends to be dominated by ecological factors, and species living in tropical, densely forested and humid habitats in Africa have evolved darker faces. Thus, both sociality and ecology have played a role in producing the highest diversity of faces within mammals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Catarrhines likely constitute the most diverse assemblage of facial colour patterns within mammals. Studies at the species-level in this clade suggest that some of the diversities in facial colours and their patterns may serve in social communication and mate recognition [1][2][3] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Adaptive response to sociality and ecology drives the diversification of facial colour patterns in catarrhines

et al. 2013

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“…[58][59][60] in the form of heterozygosity. Female mandrills prefer to mate with brightly colored males, reinforcing the effects of male-male competition on male reproductive success (61). It remains to be seen whether brightly colored males are genetically more diverse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and reproductive success in mandrills ( Mandrillus sphinx )

Charpentier

Setchell

Prugnolle

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Recent studies of wild animal populations have shown that estimators of neutral genetic diversity, such as mean heterozygosity, are often correlated with various fitness traits, such as survival, disease susceptibility, or reproductive success. We used two estimators of genetic diversity to explore the relationship between heterozygosity and reproductive success in male and female mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) living in a semifree ranging setting in Gabon. Because social rank is known to influence reproductive success in both sexes, we also examined the correlation between genetic diversity and social rank in females, and acquisition of alpha status in males, as well as length of alpha male tenure. We found that heterozygous individuals showed greater reproductive success, with both females and males producing more offspring. However, heterozygosity influenced reproductive success only in dominant males, not in subordinates. Neither the acquisition of alpha status in males, nor social rank in females, was significantly correlated with heterozygosity, although more heterozygous alpha males showed longer tenure than homozygous ones. We also tested whether the benefits of greater genetic diversity were due mainly to a genome-wide effect of inbreeding depression or to heterosis at one or a few loci. Multilocus effects best explained the correlation between heterozygosity and reproductive success and tenure, indicating the occurrence of inbreeding depression in this mandrill colony.correlation heterozygosity-fitness ͉ genome-wide inbreeding ͉ primate ͉ social rank ͉ reproduction O ffspring born to closely related parents often show reduced fitness, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression (1); this is typically due to increased homozygosity at loci affecting fitness, either by permitting the expression of recessive deleterious alleles or by reducing heterozygote advantage (2). Inbreeding avoidance is thought to underlie the evolution of sex-biased dispersal (3, 4) and has important implications for conservation (5).Most studies of the relationship between inbreeding and fitness have been carried out using domestic or captive animals (reviewed in refs. 6-8). Studies of the influence of inbreeding on overall fitness in natural, or seminatural, populations remain relatively rare because accumulating the generations of pedigree information necessary to calculate inbreeding coefficients requires long-term study, particularly for long-lived organisms. Moreover, studies using inbreeding coefficients are limited where mating between close relatives is infrequent in a population (9). An alternative approach to the use of inbreeding coefficients is to exploit the fact that inbreeding reduces heterozygosity (10).The development of new genetic techniques (e.g., microsatellite analysis), and of estimators of genetic diversity which improve on simple single-locus measures of heterozygosity, has led to increasing numbers of studies of inbreeding depression in wild populations over the past 10 years. For example, Coulson et al. (...

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“…Established silverbacks with large multimale groups may retain their females by minimizing encounters with other groups, whereas younger males may seek mates more aggressively when they have few or none (Watts 1994b(Watts , 1998. Females might choose younger males as an alternative strategy to reduce infanticide (Sterck et al 2005) or they may prefer males with particular morphological traits (Caillaud et al 2008;Setchell 2005;Gontard-Danek and Moller 1999;Shackleton et al 2005). Females may distribute their reproduction over a variety of settings as a bet-hedging strategy, especially if the advantage of any particular setting is hard to evaluate (Philippi and Seger 1989;Sicotte 2001).…”

Section: Female Preference For Multimale Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioecological influences on the dispersal of female mountain gorillas—evidence of a second folivore paradox

Robbins

Stoinski

Fawcett

et al. 2008

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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Socioecological models indicate that the group structure and female dispersal patterns of primates are determined primarily by the abundance and distribution of food, predation pressures, and infanticide risks. In response to those influences, females of folivorous primates are considered relatively free to disperse into groups with the optimal size and structure. Yet some folivores live in small groups despite a potentially higher risk of predation, an apparent inconsistency known as the folivore paradox. This paper examines the female dispersal of a folivorous primate, the Virunga mountain gorillas. Mountain gorillas currently have no natural predators, but this species presents a different version of the folivore paradox: why do 50-60% of females reside in smaller one-male groups despite a higher risk of infanticide? In this study, females left one-male groups more frequently than multimale groups, but transfer destinations were not consistently biased toward multimale groups and those groups did not have higher immigration rates. We found no evidence of dispersal to avoid feeding competition within large groups, even as they have become three to five times larger than average. Thus, the lack of a consistent bias toward multimale groups was not because they are typically larger than one-male groups. Instead, the apparent inconsistencies may reflect limited female transfer opportunities, other influences on dispersal, and possibly an evolutionary disequilibrium in which current behavior does not optimize fitness.

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Do Female Mandrills Prefer Brightly Colored Males?

Cited by 110 publications

References 63 publications

Adaptive response to sociality and ecology drives the diversification of facial colour patterns in catarrhines

Adaptive response to sociality and ecology drives the diversification of facial colour patterns in catarrhines

Genetic diversity and reproductive success in mandrills ( Mandrillus sphinx )

Socioecological influences on the dispersal of female mountain gorillas—evidence of a second folivore paradox

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