Do Females Have Worse Outcomes in Penetrating Trauma: A Single-Center Analysis

Zwemer, Catherine H.; Mohamed, Troy; Wu, Sophia; Farag, Christian M.; Zebley, James; Kartiko, Susan

doi:10.1016/j.jss.2023.09.045

Journal of Surgical Research

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.09.045

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Do Females Have Worse Outcomes in Penetrating Trauma: A Single-Center Analysis

Catherine H. Zwemer,

Troy Mohamed,

Sophia Wu

et al.

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2024

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Non-Binary Trauma Patients: Delineating a Vulnerable, At-Risk Population

Hambrecht,

Schellenberg,

Owattanapanich

et al. 2024

The American Surgeon™

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Introduction An increasing proportion of the population identifies as non-binary. This marginalized group may be at differential risk for trauma compared to those who identify as male or female, but physical trauma among non-binary patients has not yet been examined at a national level. Methods All patients aged ≥ 16 years in the National Trauma Data Bank were included (2021-2022). Demographics, injury characteristics, and outcomes after trauma among non-binary patients were compared to males and females. The goal was to delineate differences between groups to inform the care and future study of non-binary trauma patients. Results In total, 1,012,348 patients were included: 283 (<1%) non-binary, 610,904 (60%) male, and 403,161 (40%) female patients. Non-binary patients were younger than males or females (median age 44 vs 49 vs 67 years, P < .001) and less likely to be White race/ethnicity (58% vs 60% vs 74%, P < .001). Despite non-binary patients having a lower median Injury Severity Score (5 vs 9 vs 9, P < .001), mortality was highest among non-binary and male patients than females (5% vs 5% vs 3%, P < .001). Discussion In this study, non-binary trauma patients were younger and more likely minority races/ethnicities than males or females. Despite having a lower injury severity, non-binary patient mortality rates were comparable to those of males and greater than for females. These disparities identify non-binary trauma patients as doubly marginalized, by gender and race/ethnicity, who experience worse outcomes after trauma than expected based on injury severity. This vulnerable patient population deserves further study to identify areas for improved trauma delivery care.

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Non-Binary Trauma Patients: Delineating a Vulnerable, At-Risk Population

Hambrecht,

Schellenberg,

Owattanapanich

et al. 2024

The American Surgeon™

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Do Females Have Worse Outcomes in Penetrating Trauma: A Single-Center Analysis

Cited by 1 publication

References 22 publications

Non-Binary Trauma Patients: Delineating a Vulnerable, At-Risk Population

Non-Binary Trauma Patients: Delineating a Vulnerable, At-Risk Population

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