Do fewer cases of Kaposi’s sarcoma in HIV-infected patients reflect a decrease in HHV8 seroprevalence?

Reinheimer, Claudia; Allwinn, Regina; Stürmer, Martin

doi:10.1007/s00430-011-0187-0

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…HHv-8 seropositive rate among healthy controls in this study (24.8 %) is comparable to that previously reported by detection of serum antibodies to three different antigens of HHv-8 in blood donors in taiwan (around 23 %) [23]. In a study by reinheimer et al in germany, the HHv8 seroprevalence in HIv-negative control group was as low as 2 % [22]. In the german study, the cutoff point of serum antibody titer for HHv-8 was set at ≥1:64, which was more rigid than that of ≥1:40 set in this study following the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

High seroprevalence of human herpesvirus type 8 infection in males with advanced lung carcinoma

Lai

Tsao

et al. 2014

Med Microbiol Immunol

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Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) DNA is consistently found in all types of Kaposi's sarcoma, which is prevalent in immunocompromised patients. Patients with advanced lung carcinoma often showed immunologic abnormalities, and prevalence of HHV-8 infection is unclear. In this study, blood samples from 109 lung carcinoma patients and 109 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed for lymphocyte and monocyte counts, and for antibody, DNA, and genotype of HHV-8. Lung carcinoma patients had significantly lower lymphocyte and higher monocyte counts than healthy controls (p < 0.0001, both). HHV-8 seropositivity was more prevalent in lung carcinoma patients (41.3%), particularly in male patients (50.8%), than in controls (24.8%) (p = 0.01 and 0.002, respectively). The seropositivity was also significantly higher in male (50.8%) than female patients (27.3%, p = 0.01). Titers of HHV-8 antibody in patients also significantly exceeded those in controls (p = 0.004). Under a higher threshold (antibody titer ≥1:160) which is equivalent to that of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, lung carcinoma patients still had higher HHV-8 seropositivity than controls (p = 0.006). Three patients with stage IV lung carcinoma were positive for HHV-8 DNA with K1 gene subtype C3, D1, and E, respectively; they had much lower lymphocyte counts (658 ± 132 µL) than patients positive for HHV-8 antibodies only (1,449 ± 873 µL). The study indicates that lung carcinoma patients, particularly males, have a high seroprevalence of HHV-8. HHV-8 DNA detected in the patients with advanced lung carcinoma may be a result of virus reactivation in the immunocompromised status.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

High seroprevalence of human herpesvirus type 8 infection in males with advanced lung carcinoma

Lai

Tsao

et al. 2014

Med Microbiol Immunol

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“…The association between HHV-8 and HIV seropositivity in heterosexual subjects is a debatable topic. Some studies have shown a positive association, [11][12][13] whereas others have not. [14][15][16] To address this gap the present study was planned and conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seroprevalence and Determinants of Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Human Herpesvirus 8 in Indian HIV-Infected Males

Munawwar

Sharma

Gupta

et al. 2014

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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In India Kaposi's sarcoma is rarely seen in AIDS patients. Hence the current belief is that the incidence of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) is very low in this subcontinent, most probably due to the heterosexual route of HIV transmission. However, there is a scarcity of data on the prevalence of HHV-8 in India. In India the primary mode of HIV transmission is the heterosexual route. Therefore we aimed to determine the prevalence of antibodies against HHV-8 in North Indian HIV-infected men naive of antiretroviral therapy (ART). In a prospective study, 165 Indian adult males were recruited from an ART clinic. Blood samples were collected before administering any antiretroviral drug. The sera were tested for antibodies against HHV-8 using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, which detects IgG antibodies to lytic antigens of HHV-8. All positive samples were confirmed for the presence of anti-HHV-8 antibodies using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The IFA kit is intended to detect primary, latent, persistent, or reactivated infection of HHV-8. Of the 165 males, 43 (26.06%) were positive by ELISA while 26 (15.8%) were also positive by IFA. Seroprevalence decreased with increasing age ( p < 0.05). Factors independently associated with HHV-8 infection were younger age group and alcohol consumption. These findings suggest that even in a heterosexual population, HHV-8 can be transmitted frequently.

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“…This hypothesis has previously been confirmed by investigations on the sexual transmission of Human Herpes Virus Type 8 , E. coli O117:H7 and Shigella spp. , although the primary route of these agents’ transmission is via saliva or feco-orally, respectively [12–14]. It additionally should be taken into account that it has previously been reported that the risk to acquire “classical” sexually transmitted diseases (STD) such as gonorrhea or syphilis, or infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is higher in cohorts of men who have sex with men (MSM) than for the general population [15, 16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms in HIV positive men

et al. 2017

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BackgroundRoutes of transmission of multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms (MDRGN) are not completely understood. Since sexual transmission of MDRGN might represent a potential mode that has not been noticed so far, this study evaluated transmission of MDRGN in HIV positive men.MethodsBetween November 2014 and March 2016, we retrospectively investigated the MDRGN prevalence in rectal swabs of n = 109 males tested positive for HIV (HP). These findings were compared to the MDRGN prevalence in n = 109 rectal swabs in age-matched males tested negative for HIV (HN) within the same period. According to the infection control protocol of University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (UHF), patients admitted to intensive/intermediate care units have to be screened for MDRGN on day of admittance. Patients without HIV testing or MDRGN screening were excluded.ResultsMDRGN prevalence in rectal swabs was significantly higher (p = 0.002) in male HP (23.9%; 95% confidence interval 16.2–32.9%) than in age-matched male HN (8.3%; 3.8–15.1%). In total, 35 MDRGN species were detected. The most frequent MDRGN species was Escherichia coli with resistance due to ESBL expression and additional resistance to fluoroquinolones with n = 25/35 (71.4%; 53.7–85.4%). Thereof, n = 19/26 (73.1%; 52.2–88.4%) were detected in HP and n = 6/9 (66.7%; 29.9–92.5%) in HN, respectively.ConclusionsPrevalence of MDRGN is significantly higher in male HIV positive than in male HIV negative individuals. This might indicate sexual transmission of MDRGN within the male HIV positive population. As treatment options in case of MRGN infections are limited, prevention of MDRGN transmission is strongly emphasized.

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Do fewer cases of Kaposi’s sarcoma in HIV-infected patients reflect a decrease in HHV8 seroprevalence?

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

High seroprevalence of human herpesvirus type 8 infection in males with advanced lung carcinoma

High seroprevalence of human herpesvirus type 8 infection in males with advanced lung carcinoma

Seroprevalence and Determinants of Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Human Herpesvirus 8 in Indian HIV-Infected Males

Elevated prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms in HIV positive men

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