1993
DOI: 10.1086/298303
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Do Firms Pay Efficiency Wages? Evidence with Data at the Firm Level

Abstract: This study tests the efficiency wage hypothesIs by estimating wage and quit equations with data from the Employment Opportunity Pilot Project survey of firms. An efficiency wage model is derived that predicts effects of turnover costs and unemployment on wages as functions of first and second derivatives from the quit equation. The model is tested by examining the relationships between the coefficients in the wage and quit equations; the results are generally favorable to efficiency wage theory. Other Importan… Show more

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Cited by 99 publications
(57 citation statements)
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“…They find that wage premiums are inversely related to the amount of supervision, presumably a mechanism to reduce shirking. Campbell (1993) considers relative wages and quit rates and finds support for the efficiency wage model. Levine (1993) finds that higher paid workers in both the US and Japan are less likely to quit, more likely to be satisfied with their pay, and report that they work harder.…”
Section: Efficiency Wagesmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…They find that wage premiums are inversely related to the amount of supervision, presumably a mechanism to reduce shirking. Campbell (1993) considers relative wages and quit rates and finds support for the efficiency wage model. Levine (1993) finds that higher paid workers in both the US and Japan are less likely to quit, more likely to be satisfied with their pay, and report that they work harder.…”
Section: Efficiency Wagesmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Economists argue that, where labour is in short supply, where employers have invested heavily in their employees through training and where skills are expensive and scarce, then 'excessive' amounts of labour turnover constitute inefficiency, being a lost investment or requiring an expensive replacement (Campbell, 1993;Weiss, 1980). Therefore employers would have incentives to devise policies to reduce the level of turnover by retaining labour.…”
Section: Is High Labour Turnover a Problem For Employers?mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This can motivate workers. Campbell (1993) has demonstrated the effectiveness of offering good, non-pecuniary benefits as a means of reducing labour turnover and the costs associated with it. In this context, then, economists have recognized space for some form of effective management action.…”
Section: Management Action In Dealing With High Labour Turnover At Fimentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Worker tenure and labor market experience is expected to positively influence wages (at decreasing rates) through the presence of firm-and general-specific human capital (Campbell 1993 andShakatko 1987). Indicators for whether the worker is newly hired at the firm (not employed by the firm in the four preceding quarters) or is separating (not employed by the firm in the following four quarters) are also included; these workers are likely to not have received a full quarter's worth of wages.…”
Section: A the Estimating Equationmentioning
confidence: 99%