Do genetically modified plants impact arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi?

Liu, Wenke

doi:10.1007/s10646-009-0423-1

Cited by 49 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The environmental risks associated with the GM crops such as gene flow, adverse effects on biodiversity and on the beneficial insects, and the potential emergence of superweeds are not referred to here as these issues have been adequately dealt elsewhere (Wolfenbarger and Phifer 2000;Andow and Zwahlen 2006;Kwaku and Asante 2008;Dunfield and Germida 2010;Hokanson et al 2010;Jiang et al 2010;Liu 2010;Raybould et al 2010).…”

Section: Nutritionally Enhanced Genetically Modified Crops and Biomentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritionally Enhanced Staple Food Crops

Dwivedi

Sahrawat

Kedar

et al. 2012

Plant Breeding Reviews

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Section: Nutritionally Enhanced Genetically Modified Crops and Biomentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritionally Enhanced Staple Food Crops

Dwivedi

Sahrawat

Kedar

et al. 2012

Plant Breeding Reviews

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“…Very few studies evaluated the effects of Bt maize on AMF colonisation (Liu and Du 2008, Liu 2010, Hannula et al 2014. Only one field experiment has been conducted regarding the effect of Cry34/35Ab1-producing maize so far.…”

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confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonisation of Cry3 toxin-producing Bt maize and near isogenic maize

et al. 2014

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Despite the fact that, on average, approximately 5-6 metric tons/ha of Bt maize stubble enter the soil on more than 170 million of hectares worldwide, the environmental impact of genetically modified maize plants on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is poorly known. In this study, the mycorrhizal colonisation on the roots of Bt maize (DAS-59122-7) and its near isogenic line was examined during the whole vegetation period. Cry3 toxin-producing Bt maize and its near isogenic line were grown in an experimental field in Julianna-major, Nagykovácsi, Hungary. DAS-59122-7 maize produces Cry34Ab1, Cry35Ab1 toxins and pat proteins for herbicide tolerance. The study assessed whether similar arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation can be observed on the root of the Bt and near isogenic maize line and whether there are any differences in the temporal dynamics of AMF development. The arbuscular, hyphal and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonisation were higher in the near isogenic line as compared to its Bt counterpart, but no significant effect of the maize line was found as regards vesicle colonisation. The intensity of the arbuscular infection increased over time during plant maturation. DAS-59122-7 Bt maize had a negative effect on the initial development of AMF under field conditions, but no difference was seen in the case of the last two sampling dates (day 82 and 135). The reason of the latter is still not known.

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“…Within this system, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) intricately interact with plants; they engage in a symbiosis with over 80% of land plants, including major crops such as maize, wheat, potato, and soybean (62), and provide mineral nutrients in exchange for plant carbohydrates (45). Because of these ecological features, they have been identified as an important group of organisms to study for risk assessments of GM crops (25,31).…”

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confidence: 99%

Testing Potential Effects of Maize Expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Endotoxin (Bt Maize) on Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities via DNA- and RNA-Based Pyrosequencing and Molecular Fingerprinting

Verbruggen

Kuramae

Hillekens

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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eThe cultivation of genetically modified (GM) crops has increased significantly over the last decades. However, concerns have been raised that some GM traits may negatively affect beneficial soil biota, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), potentially leading to alterations in soil functioning. Here, we test two maize varieties expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab endotoxin (Bt maize) for their effects on soil AM fungal communities. We target both fungal DNA and RNA, which is new for AM fungi, and we use two strategies as an inclusive and robust way of detecting community differences: (i) 454 pyrosequencing using general fungal rRNA gene-directed primers and (ii) terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) profiling using AM fungus-specific markers. Potential GM-induced effects were compared to the normal natural variation of AM fungal communities across 15 different agricultural fields. AM fungi were found to be abundant in the experiment, accounting for 8% and 21% of total recovered DNA-and RNA-derived fungal sequences, respectively, after 104 days of plant growth. RNA-and DNA-based sequence analyses yielded most of the same AM fungal lineages. Our research yielded three major conclusions. First, no consistent differences were detected between AM fungal communities associated with GM plants and non-GM plants. Second, temporal variation in AMF community composition (between two measured time points) was bigger than GM trait-induced variation. Third, natural variation of AMF communities across 15 agricultural fields in The Netherlands, as well as withinfield temporal variation, was much higher than GM-induced variation. In conclusion, we found no indication that Bt maize cultivation poses a risk for AMF.

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Do genetically modified plants impact arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi?

Cited by 49 publications

References 72 publications

Nutritionally Enhanced Staple Food Crops

Nutritionally Enhanced Staple Food Crops

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonisation of Cry3 toxin-producing Bt maize and near isogenic maize

Testing Potential Effects of Maize Expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Endotoxin (Bt Maize) on Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities via DNA- and RNA-Based Pyrosequencing and Molecular Fingerprinting

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