Do Halophytes Really Require Salts for Their Growth and Development? An Experimental Approach

Grigore, Marius-Nicuşor; Villanueva, Marta; Boscaiu, Mónica; Vicente, Óscar

doi:10.15835/nsb427606

Cited by 55 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…In fact, I. crithmoides plants grew better in the absence than in the presence of NaCl, as shown here and has also been recently reported by Pardo-Domènech et al ( 2015 ). Moreover, when comparing I. crithmoides cultivated on pots with different substrates, optimal growth was found on salt-free and nutrient-rich substrates, such as peat and garden soil, and not on soil sampled in the salt marsh where seeds were collected (Grigore et al, 2012 ). These findings indicate that in non-saline or low to moderate salinity areas I. crithmoides is outcompeted by other species, such as D. viscosa ; only at higher salinities, the species becomes truly competitive with respect to D. viscosa , which is less salt tolerant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native-Invasive Plants vs. Halophytes in Mediterranean Salt Marshes: Stress Tolerance Mechanisms in Two Related Species

et al. 2016

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Dittrichia viscosa is a Mediterranean ruderal species that over the last decades has expanded into new habitats, including coastal salt marshes, ecosystems that are per se fragile and threatened by human activities. To assess the potential risk that this native-invasive species represents for the genuine salt marsh vegetation, we compared its distribution with that of Inula crithmoides, a taxonomically related halophyte, in three salt marshes located in “La Albufera” Natural Park, near the city of Valencia (East Spain). The presence of D. viscosa was restricted to areas of low and moderate salinity, while I. crithmoides was also present in the most saline zones of the salt marshes. Analyses of the responses of the two species to salt and water stress treatments in controlled experiments revealed that both activate the same physiological stress tolerance mechanisms, based essentially on the transport of toxic ions to the leaves—where they are presumably compartmentalized in vacuoles—and the accumulation of specific osmolytes for osmotic adjustment. The two species differ in the efficiency of those mechanisms: salt-induced increases in Na+ and Cl− contents were higher in I. crithmoides than in D. viscosa, and the osmolytes (especially glycine betaine, but also arabinose, fructose and glucose) accumulated at higher levels in the former species. This explains the (slightly) higher stress tolerance of I. crithmoides, as compared to D. viscosa, established from growth inhibition measurements and their distribution in nature. The possible activation of K+ transport to the leaves under high salinity conditions may also contribute to salt tolerance in I. crithmoides. Oxidative stress level—estimated from malondialdehyde accumulation—was higher in the less tolerant D. viscosa, which consequently activated antioxidant responses as a defense mechanism against stress; these responses were weaker or absent in the more tolerant I. crithmoides. Based on these results, we concluded that although D. viscosa cannot directly compete with true halophytes in highly saline environments, it is nevertheless quite stress tolerant and therefore represents a threat for the vegetation located on the salt marshes borders, where several endemic and threatened species are found in the area of study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native-Invasive Plants vs. Halophytes in Mediterranean Salt Marshes: Stress Tolerance Mechanisms in Two Related Species

et al. 2016

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“…Studies involving extreme dicotyledonous halophytes show that optimal growth in the presence of low or moderate salt concentrations; on the other hand, this stimulatory effect is not commonly detected in monocotyledonous halophytes, nor in other salt-tolerant dicots, which grow best in the absence of salt [53]. The salt tolerance degree usually varies among halophytes and, for a specific species, also at different developmental stages [53], but inhibition of plant growth is always observed at sufficiently high salinity levels, in all investigated taxa [52,53].…”

Section: Salt Tolerant Plants "Halophytes" and Water Stress Tolerant mentioning

confidence: 94%

Comparison Between the Water and Salt Stress Effects on Plant Growth and Development

Oliveira¹,

Alencar²,

Gomes-Filho³

2013

Responses of Organisms to Water Stress

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Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/54223. Introduction "biotic stress limits crop productivity [ ], and plays a major role in determining the distribution of plant species across different types of environments. "biotic stress and its effects on plants in both natural and agricultural settings is a topic that is receiving increasing attention because of the potential impacts of climate change on rainfall patterns and temperature extremes, salinization of agricultural lands by irrigation, and the overall need to maintain or increase agricultural productivity on marginal lands. In the field, a plant may experience several distinct abiotic stresses either concurrently or at different times through the growing season [ ].In reference [ ] are showed some common examples of the abiotic stresses a plant may encounter which include a decreased availability of water, extremes of temperature including freezing, decreased availability of essential nutrients from the soil or conversely the buildup of toxic ions during salt stress , excess light especially when photosynthesis is restricted or increased hardness of the soil that restricts root growth.In the face of a global scarcity of water resources and the increased salinization of soil and water, abiotic stress is already a major limiting factor in plant growth and will soon become even more severe as desertification covers more and more of the world's terrestrial area. Plants are often subjected to periods of soil and atmospheric water deficits during their life cycle. Moreover, the faster-than-predicted change in global climate [ ] and the different available scenarios for climate change suggest an increase in aridity for the semiarid regions of the globe. Together with overpopulation, this will lead to an overexploitation of water resources for agriculture purposes and increased constraints on plant growth and survival aid, therefore, on realizing crop yield potential [ ]. Thus, if a single abiotic stress is to be identified as the most common in limiting the growth of crops worldwide, it most probably is low water supply [ ].Like the water stress, salinity is one of the major severe abiotic factors affecting crop growth and productivity [ ]. Salt s negative effects on plant growth have initially been associated with the osmotic stress component caused by decreases in soil water potential and, consequently, restriction of water uptake by roots.The literature shows that drought and salinity are already widespread in many regions. Therefore, in reference [ ] the authors have presented that in world where population growth exceeds food supply, agricultural and plant biotechnologies aimed at overcoming severe environmental stresses need to be fully implemented. . . Plant stress definitionsThe term stress is most often used subjectively and with various meanings. The physiological definition and appropriate term for stress are referenced as responses to different situations. The flexibility of normal metabolism allows the...

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“…рис. 1а, б, 3а) в растениях H. aphyl lum позволяют ответить на дискуссионный во прос о необходимости солей для роста и развития галофитов (Grigore et al, 2012): ксерогалофиты нуждаются в небольшом содержании солей в пи тательном растворе -так, для саксаула такой оп тимум составляет 100 мМ NaCl и проявляется в большей степени у гетерозиготных генотипов.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Морфофизиологические особенности адаптации различных генотиповHaloxylon aphyllum(Chenopodiaceae)по градиенту засоления

Шуйская¹,

Ли²,

Рахманкулова³

et al. 2014

Экология

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Исследовали растения Haloxylon аphyllum, выращенные из семян с различными генетическими ха рактеристиками из трех субпопуляций, отличающихся по уровню засоления почвы. Растения, вы ращенные при разных уровнях NaCl (0-300 мМ), отличались по длине побегов, относительной ско рости роста сырой и сухой биомассы, содержанию ионов и пролина. Показано, что у ксерогалофита саксаула черного преимущества по показателям продуктивности и устойчивости имеют гетерози готные генотипы, выращенные в условиях умеренного и сильного засоления.

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Do Halophytes Really Require Salts for Their Growth and Development? An Experimental Approach

Cited by 55 publications

References 35 publications

Native-Invasive Plants vs. Halophytes in Mediterranean Salt Marshes: Stress Tolerance Mechanisms in Two Related Species

Native-Invasive Plants vs. Halophytes in Mediterranean Salt Marshes: Stress Tolerance Mechanisms in Two Related Species

Comparison Between the Water and Salt Stress Effects on Plant Growth and Development

Морфофизиологические особенности адаптации различных генотиповHaloxylon aphyllum(Chenopodiaceae)по градиенту засоления

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