Do host‐plant requirements and mortality from soil cultivation determine the distribution of graminivorous sawflies on farmland?

Barker, Alison; Brown, N. J.; Reynolds, C. J. M.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2664.1999.00394.x

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The most detailed literature was available for Lepidoptera, illustrating the complexities of such responses. For example, Lymantria dispar abundance is negatively correlated with winter and spring temperature (Miller et al 1989, Williams & Liebhold 1995, but milder winters increase the survival of Epirrita autumnata (Tenow & Nilssen 1990, Virtanen & Neuvonen 1999 and, similarly, the survival of sawfly (Hymenoptera: Symphata) pupae (Aebischer 1990, Barker & Reynolds 2004. Increasing temperatures may improve caterpillar development (Williams et al 2000), but risk phenological mismatch between bud-burst and caterpillar emergence (Visser & Holleman 2001, Forkner et al 2008, and increase parasitoid infection rates (Kerslake et al 1996, Virtanen & Neuvonen 1999.…”

Section: Sensitivity Of Prey Taxa To Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Using diet to assess the sensitivity of northern and upland birds to climate change

Pearce‐Higgins¹

2010

Clim. Res.

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High-latitude species are predicted to be vulnerable to climate change, particularly in the UK uplands, where many are at the margins of their southern range. There is increasing evidence that climate change may have an impact on populations through reductions in prey abundance. The diet of 17 insectivorous UK upland birds, and the sensitivity of their prey to likely climate change, were quantified from the literature and combined to produce an index of climate-change sensitivity for upland birds. Coleoptera and Diptera were the 2 most important prey taxa, with Tipulidae the most widely ingested prey family. Lepidoptera, Lumbricidae and Hymenoptera also comprised > 20% of the diet of at least one upland bird species. Of these prey taxa, existing studies suggest that Tipulidae, Chironomidae and Lumbridicae may be particularly vulnerable to rising temperatures and increased frequency of drought projected to result from climate change. Therefore, the contribution of these 3 taxa to the diets of upland birds provides an index of climate-change sensitivity, which was correlated with an index of recent upland bird population trends. Future increases in temperature and drought frequency are expected to have an impact on populations of a range of upland bird species through reductions in prey availability, although further studies are required to test this hypothesis. Many upland areas have been artificially drained using ditches. Blocking these ditches may therefore provide a potential management option for climate-change adaptation in the UK uplands.

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Section: Sensitivity Of Prey Taxa To Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Using diet to assess the sensitivity of northern and upland birds to climate change

Pearce‐Higgins¹

2010

Clim. Res.

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“…Graminivorous sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) constitute an important part of this invertebrate food source (Potts 1970(Potts , 1986Wilson et al 1999;Holland et al 2006), of which two genera, Dolerus and Pachynematus, are commonly associated with cereal crops (Barker and Reynolds 2004). Sawflies are known to disperse poorly due to their weak flight capability (in comparison to insects of similar morphology), requirement for high humidity and host-plant specialisation (Benson 1950).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome sequencing of an ecologically important graminivorous sawfly: a resource for marker development

Cook

Aziz

Hedley

et al. 2011

Conservation Genet Resour

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Sawfly larvae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) are an important, highly nutritious, invertebrate food source for farmland birds. Reduced numbers of farmland invertebrates are a possible factor contributing to the observed declines in many farmland bird populations associated with post-1950s intensification of agriculture. To date, studies on sawfly populations have been census-based and, therefore, the genetic factors underlying their declines are unknown. We have produced the first genetic resource for any sawfly species in the form of a de novo transcriptome assembly comprising 18,539 contiguous sequences (contigs) and 260 singletons. The assembly was sequenced using 454 pyrosequencing technology and produced 1,284 microsatellite markers for the common farmland sawfly Dolerus aeneus, which may also be useful in other closelyrelated species. These markers will facilitate monitoring of changes in genetic diversity and gene flow in sawfly populations therefore helping to predict extinction risk.

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“…Recent theoretical advances and simulation models have shown that the spatial dynamics of invertebrates in fragmented farmland ecosystems is a major factor in population and metapopulation processes (Sherratt & Jepson 1993; Halley, Thomas & Jepson 1996). With a more detailed understanding of insect distributions and their dynamics, populations might be more effectively managed for diversity and pest control within sustainable farming (Barker, Brown & Reynolds 1999). However, while spatial distributions are a characteristic ecological property of insects (Taylor 1984), it is difficult and time consuming to gather data with a suitably informative level of resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregation and temporal stability of carabid beetle distributions in field and hedgerow habitats

C.F.G.

Parkinson

Griffiths

et al. 2001

Journal of Applied Ecology

153

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Summary Understanding the spatial dynamics of insect distributions in farmland can provide insights into their ecological requirements and potential for management. Identifying the scale, location and persistence of species’ aggregations is an important step towards understanding the factors driving population distributions. This study examined how different carabid species were distributed in field and field margin habitats, and analysed their spatiotemporal dynamics. We sampled 156 locations in a grid of pitfall traps over approximately 1 ha, comprising a hedgerow and adjacent parts of two arable fields. Traps were monitored between June and November 1994 to provide data with high spatial and temporal resolution of the two‐dimensional distributions of six carabid beetle taxa. The pattern of carabid activity‐density over the experimental site was displayed in a series of contour plots. Spatial analyses by distance indices (SADIE) were used to provide aggregation indices (Ia) for the distributions of carabid species at different times. A second SADIE index (Im) of spatial association between two sets of counts was used to measure the spatial stability of species’ aggregation patterns through time. Im was also used to measure association or dissociation between the distributions of different species, and the spatial association between a species’ distribution and an environmental variable. Each taxon was aggregated most of the time, but different taxa aggregated in patches within the field and/or hedgerow to different and varying extents. The field boundaries were important for some species, either as the only habitat in which they occurred (Amara spp.), as the major focus of more widespread distribution (Harpalus rufipes), or as a seasonal refuge (Nebria brevicollis). Within the crop habitat, different species also occupied different areas, providing some evidence to suggest species packing in space. Spatial distributions between consecutive samples were strongly and positively associated, indicating stability of patch location over short time‐scales. The strength of the association in turn was correlated with activity‐density. When time lags were introduced between sample distributions, some negative association indices indicated displacement of patches. In most cases, however, positive association was maintained over long periods, demonstrating patch stability. The spatial stability of patches suggests that future studies should focus on the detailed measurement of biotic and abiotic factors associated with patch location. Identifying the underlying causes of population distributions in farmland has important implications for managing habitat to enhance populations of beneficial predators, and targeting insecticide applications in precision agriculture to minimize their adverse side‐effects.

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Do host‐plant requirements and mortality from soil cultivation determine the distribution of graminivorous sawflies on farmland?

Cited by 37 publications

References 19 publications

Using diet to assess the sensitivity of northern and upland birds to climate change

Using diet to assess the sensitivity of northern and upland birds to climate change

Transcriptome sequencing of an ecologically important graminivorous sawfly: a resource for marker development

Aggregation and temporal stability of carabid beetle distributions in field and hedgerow habitats

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