Do IFQs in the US Atlantic Sea Scallop Fishery Impact Price and Size?

Ardini, Greg; Lee, Min-Yang

doi:10.1086/698199

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Apportioning landings among size categories by the biomass estimates for 2010, the total lost exploitable biomass from 2010 to 2013 consisted of 5,154 mt of U10 scallop meats (for which 10 meats weigh 1 lb [0.4536 kg], and analogously for the other categories), 2,046 mt of U10–20 meats, 99 mt of U20–30 meats, and 2 mt of >U30 meats. Exvessel prices estimated using a hedonic price model were $11.35 for U10, $8.66 for U10–20, $8.98 for U20–30, and $8.67 for >U30 meats (Ardini and Lee ). Multiplying these prices by the quantities for each commercial category results in $170 million lost gross revenue at the dock for the 7,300 mt lost due to natural and discard mortality from 2010 through 2013.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Convergence of a Disease and Litigation Leading to Increased Scallop Discard Mortality and Economic Loss in the Georges Bank Fishery

Stokesbury

Bethoney

Georgianna

et al. 2019

N American J Fish Manag

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Rotational management in the Atlantic sea scallopPlacopecten magellanicus fishery has focused on closing areas to fishing when a high proportion of small scallops is observed in a discrete area, but less attention has been paid to reopening closed areas to prevent poor meat quality. In this fishery there are several large marine protected areas, including Closed Area I of Georges Bank. Intense drop camera surveys of Closed Area I in 1999 led to incorporating a 700-km 2 area into the rotational management scheme. There was a larger abundance of scallops to the south of this area, and these were made available for harvest in 2005, but this fishery was closed in 2006 when the management plan was overturned by a federal court decision. When the area was reopened again in 2011, however, the expected harvest was not achieved. Although fishermen harvested the scallops and opened the shells to extract the meat, they found that many of the meats were gray and not of marketable quality and so they discarded them. The gray meats were linked to a highly pathogenic apicomplexan infection. There was a 52% decline in exploitable biomass between 2011 and 2013 (7,300 metric tons, representing a gross revenue of US$170 million) that could not be attributed to a reduction in landings, resulting in a failure to complete the allotted trips. The scallop rotation management plan has been extremely successful overall, with 69 of the access area trips harvesting over 80% of the allocation; however, increased monitoring of meat quality would further improve management.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Annual fishery harvest and observer data were obtained from the National Marine Fisheries Service's fish statistics site for the Northeast (http://www.nero.noaa.gov/fsol). Exvessel price estimates for 2011 scallops were calculated using a hedonic price model created by Ardini and Lee ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence of a Disease and Litigation Leading to Increased Scallop Discard Mortality and Economic Loss in the Georges Bank Fishery

Stokesbury

Bethoney

Georgianna

et al. 2019

N American J Fish Manag

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“…Additional solution pathways may also emerge by simultaneously modeling the economic benefits that can be attained by the lobster fishery under different lobster regulations. This will require an understanding of the yield of the resource stock, costs of harvesting the resource, and market demand models (Richardson and Gates, 1986;Ardini and Lee, 2018), along with the implications of climate change and geographic shifts in lobster stocks (Goode et al, 2019). From a management policy perspective, it is important to understand these relationships to steer clear of implementing measures that could unknowingly shift fishing effort into time-areas with a high density of right whales.…”

Section: Ordermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While Little et al (2015) called for additional evaluation of dynamic management, they note that in many cases rigorous assessment of performance is made difficult by the lack of a control or counterfactual. Empirical evaluations using quasiexperimental data, such as difference-in-difference, require the identification of a counterfactual (e.g., Ardini and Lee, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Management to Reduce Entanglement Risk to North Atlantic Right Whales in Fishing Gear: A Case Study of U.S. Northeast Lobster Fishery 2002–2009

Bisack

Magnusson

2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Despite the use of gear requirements and access restrictions to manage lobster fishery interactions with north Atlantic right whales since 1997, the population is likely below 370 animals. The Dynamic Area Management (DAM) program (2002–2009) used “real-time” right whale sightings data to provide temporary protection using closures or whale-modified-gear to reduce entanglement. Our ex-post evaluation uses a flexible framework to identify strengths and weaknesses of the program. Biological and economic implications of the program are evaluated using a relative risk of entanglement index (RREI) calculated with spatially and temporally explicit data on density of right whales and fishing effort. An illustrative closure optimization model demonstrates the trade-offs between the non-monetary benefits of risk reduction and the opportunity cost of closures under alternative decision rules (benefit-ranking and cost-effectiveness). Annual aerial sampling to detect DAM areas was low (<3%), yet in some months’ the 17% of area covered by all northeast right whale management areas encompassed up to 70% of the region’s population. Despite their small spatial footprint, dynamic and static measures may have reduced total risk by 6.5% on average, and DAM zones may have created an indirect economic incentive for some fishers to adopt the whale-modified-gear. Similar RREI index values in some months with inverse levels of fishing effort and whale presence highlight the need to consider fishing and whales jointly to reduce risk. These temporal-spatial patterns are critical in policy instrument design. Further, optimization results illustrate how different decision rules can attain equivalent non-monetary benefits of risk reduction at different opportunity costs to industry; the implications of whale-modified-gear and compliance factors are explored. We recommend that DAMs be considered as part of a suite of policy instruments, and highlight how recent technological advances may support lower cost data collection and faster implementation given limited public sector budgets. This case study highlights the need for evaluation of past policy instruments with a lens beyond biological outcomes, and sets the stage for further empirical analysis to better understand harvester responses to management measures designed to protect right whales and the resulting private and public sector trade-offs.

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“… 6 See Doeringer, Moss, and Terkla (1986), Edwards (2001), Repetto (2001), Baskaran and Anderson (2005), Ardini and Lee (2018) for further detail about economics and management of this fishery.…”

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confidence: 99%

Resource Abundance, Fisheries Management, and Fishing Ports: The U.S. Atlantic Sea Scallop Fishery

Lee¹,

Benjamin²,

Carr-Harris³

et al. 2019

Agric. Resour. Econom. Rev.

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The Atlantic Sea Scallop fishery has grown tremendously over the past twenty years. The location and magnitude of harvestable biomass fluctuates dramatically due to both natural variation and the explicitly spatial management system designed to allow small individuals to grow larger and more valuable. These fluctuations in natural advantages can have profound effects on fishing ports. We use methods from economic growth literature to show that ports with lower initial scallop landings have grown the fastest. Furthermore, good access to biomass influences long-run changes in landings, although this effect exhibits considerable variability across ports. We also find evidence of returns to scope, suggesting that ports with other fishing activities could be well positioned to attract new scalloping activity when stock conditions are favorable. Further investigation of the largest ports using time-series methods also shows a high degree of variability; there are long-run relationships between scallop fishing and harvestable scallop stock in some ports, short-run relationships in some ports, and no relationship between the two in others. We interpret this as evidence that heterogeneity in the natural productivity of the ocean combined with explicitly spatial fisheries management has induced a spatial component to the port-level response to changes in biomass availability.

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Do IFQs in the US Atlantic Sea Scallop Fishery Impact Price and Size?

Cited by 13 publications

References 56 publications

Convergence of a Disease and Litigation Leading to Increased Scallop Discard Mortality and Economic Loss in the Georges Bank Fishery

Convergence of a Disease and Litigation Leading to Increased Scallop Discard Mortality and Economic Loss in the Georges Bank Fishery

Spatial Management to Reduce Entanglement Risk to North Atlantic Right Whales in Fishing Gear: A Case Study of U.S. Northeast Lobster Fishery 2002–2009

Resource Abundance, Fisheries Management, and Fishing Ports: The U.S. Atlantic Sea Scallop Fishery

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