Do meta-cognitive beliefs affect meta-awareness of intrusive thoughts about trauma?

Takarangi, Melanie K. T.; Nayda, Diane; Strange, Deryn; Nixon, Reginald D. V.

doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.10.005

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In addition to a history of stressful life events and episodes of depersonalization/derealization, the groups share similar brain activation regions associated with disruptions in sustained attention, cognitive control, and working memory (Terhune & Cardeña, 2015), generally consistent with our framework. Moreover, PTSD and/or posttraumatic stress symptoms are associated with sleep problems (Kobayashi et al, 2007) and impaired emotion regulation and meta-cognition (Mazloom, Yaghubi, & Mohammadkhani, 2016;Takarangi, Nayda, Strange, & Nixon, 2017). We suggest that dissociative symptoms are transdiagnostic because variables reviewed related to dissociative symptoms are also common to symptoms across diverse diagnoses.…”

Section: Schizophrenia Spectrum Disordersmentioning

confidence: 89%

Dissociation and its disorders: Competing models, future directions, and a way forward

Lynn

Maxwell

Merckelbach

et al. 2019

Clinical Psychology Review

130

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Section: Schizophrenia Spectrum Disordersmentioning

confidence: 89%

Dissociation and its disorders: Competing models, future directions, and a way forward

Lynn

Maxwell

Merckelbach

et al. 2019

Clinical Psychology Review

130

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“…For this reason, future studies might extend the investigation of the role of attentional load in governing spontaneous memories to unpleasant and unwanted intrusive memories/images for negative or adverse material. Recent studies on trauma-related intrusions reported that people are not always aware of them (i.e., people may lack meta-awareness of their trauma-related thoughts; Takarangi et al, 2015;Takarangi et al, 2017;Takarangi et al, 2014), suggesting that self-report may underestimate the frequency of intrusive thoughts and memories. Future studies are needed to investigate whether and how (i.e., retrieval and postretrieval processes) attentional load might affect the frequency of occurrence of this other kind of spontaneous cognition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This pattern of greater incidence of IAMs in the probe-caught rather than self-caught method was indeed what Vannucci et al observed, substantiating the claim that IAMs can differ in the degree to which they are accompanied by meta-awareness-a potential locus of attentional load effects examined in the present study. In addition to that, recent studies on trauma-related intrusions reported that people often failed to recognize the occurrence of intrusive thoughts, suggesting that people may lack metaawareness of their trauma-related thoughts (Takarangi et al, 2014;Takarangi, Lindsay, & Strange, 2015;Takarangi, Nayda, Strange, & Nixon, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual attentional load affects the frequency of involuntary autobiographical memories and their level of meta-awareness

et al. 2018

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Involuntary autobiographical memories (IAMs) are memories of past events that come to mind without deliberate retrieval attempts. Common in everyday life, IAMs have recently become a topic of experimental investigations with laboratory procedures. In the present study, we build on the recent methodological advancements in the study of IAMs, and we investigate the effects of manipulating the attentional load on the incidence of IAMs, as well as on the level of meta-awareness of these memories. In two experiments, attentional load was manipulated by varying the demands of the focal vigilance task, and reports of IAMs were collected. In Experiment 1, participants were instructed to stop the vigilance task whenever mental contents unrelated to the task came to their minds (self-caught method). In Experiment 2, participants were intermittently interrupted and probed regarding the contents of their experience (probe-caught method) and the level of meta-awareness for these contents. In both experiments, we found a reduction in the frequency of reported IAMs under increased attentional load. Moreover, in Experiment 2, IAMs were characterized by varied levels of meta-awareness, which was reduced by increased attentional load. These results indicate that allocation of attentional resources toward a focal task reduces reporting of IAMs experienced while performing this task because attentional resources play a role in both retrieval of IAMs and the realization that one is experiencing a memory.

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“…Considering that thought suppression is an intentional process, being aware and able to understand one's cognitive processes is essential, which de nes the concept of metacognition [12]. Furthermore, evidence suggests that metacognition is a strong contributor to intrusive thoughts [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Properties of an Arabic Translation of the 7-item Emotional and Behavioral Reaction to Intrusions Questionnaire among a sample of Arabic-speaking adults

Awad,

Malaeb,

Alhuwailah

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Intrusive thoughts represent undesirable cognitive activity that can cause distress, and occurs in individuals with and without psychological disorders. In order to deal with unwanted interrupting thoughts, individuals might consciously stop the flow of such cognitions in an attempt to stop through suppression, or unconsciously avoid intrusive thoughts automatically through repression. This study aimed to psychometrically evaluate and validate the Arabic translation of the 7-item Emotional and Behavioral Reaction to Intrusions Questionnaire (EBRIQ) among a sample of Arabic-speaking adults. Methods: Using the snowball sampling technique, participants (n=755) were adults from five Arab countries (Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Jordan, and Kuwait), who completed the Arabic translation of the Emotional and Behavioral Reaction to Intrusions Questionnaire. To examine the factor structure of the EBRIQ, we conducted a Confirmatory Factor Analysis using the data from the total sample. Results: A total of 755 participants filled the survey. CFA indicated that fit of the one-factor model of EBRIQ scores was modest. Internal reliability was excellent (ω = .96; α = .96). No significant difference was found in terms of EBRIQ scores between males (M = 10.37, SD = 7.80) and females (M= 10.52, SD = 7.99) in the total sample, t(753) = -.22, p = .830. The highest EBRIQ scores were found in Jordanian participants (12.55 ± 6.94), followed by Emirati (12.23 ± 8.20), Lebanese (11.12 ± 7.69), Egyptian (8.96 ± 8.05) and Kuwaiti (8.20 ± 7.75) participants, F(4, 750) = 10.36, p < .001. Conclusion: This study suggests that our Arabic translation of the EBRIQ is psychometrically proven to be reliable for use. This validated tool will allow researchers and practitioners to assess emotions and behaviors related to intrusive thoughts.

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Do meta-cognitive beliefs affect meta-awareness of intrusive thoughts about trauma?

Abstract: Our data add to existing research showing people may lack meta-awareness of trauma-related thoughts, and suggest that survivors with particular metacognitive characteristics may be more vulnerable to 'mind-wandering' about trauma without awareness.

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Dissociation and its disorders: Competing models, future directions, and a way forward

Dissociation and its disorders: Competing models, future directions, and a way forward

Visual attentional load affects the frequency of involuntary autobiographical memories and their level of meta-awareness

Psychometric Properties of an Arabic Translation of the 7-item Emotional and Behavioral Reaction to Intrusions Questionnaire among a sample of Arabic-speaking adults

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