Do microbiotas warm their hosts?

Rosenberg, Eugene; Zilber‐Rosenberg, Ilana

doi:10.1080/19490976.2016.1182294

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We found that, after accounting for geographic differences, frog body temperatures were significantly related to OTU richness and Shannon's diversity (Figure 1). Although these relationships are correlational, we considered in our models that the direction of the effect must go from host to microbes, as opposed to microbes generating heat for the host (Rosenberg & Zilber-Rosenberg, 2016). Incremental changes in temperatures (triggered by the environment) possibly allow frogs to acclimate faster, thereby reducing thermal stress and increasing their performance against parasites and pathogens (Paull, Raffel, LaFonte, & Johnson, 2015;Raffel, Halstead, McMahon, Davis, & Rohr, 2015).…”

Section: Body Temperature and Condition As Predictors Of Skin Micromentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature variation, bacterial diversity and fungal infection dynamics in the amphibian skin

Longo

Zamudio

2017

Molecular Ecology

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Host-associated bacterial communities on the skin act as the first line of defence against invading pathogens. Yet, for most natural systems, we lack a clear understanding of how temperature variability affects structure and composition of skin bacterial communities and, in turn, promotes or limits the colonization of opportunistic pathogens. Here, we examine how natural temperature fluctuations might be related to changes in skin bacterial diversity over time in three amphibian populations infected by the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Our focal host species (Eleutherodactylus coqui) is a direct-developing frog that has suffered declines at some populations in the last 20 years, while others have not experienced any changes. We quantified skin bacterial alpha- and beta-diversity at four sampling time points, a period encompassing two seasons and ample variation in natural infections and environmental conditions. Despite the different patterns of infection across populations, we detected an overall increase in bacterial diversity through time, characterized by the replacement of bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Increased frog body temperatures possibly allowed the colonization of bacteria as well as the recruitment of a subset of indicator OTUs, which could have promoted the observed changes in diversity patterns. Our results suggest that natural environmental fluctuations might be involved in creating opportunities for bacterial replacement, potentially attenuating pathogen transmission and thus contributing to host persistence in E. coqui populations.

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Section: Body Temperature and Condition As Predictors Of Skin Micromentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature variation, bacterial diversity and fungal infection dynamics in the amphibian skin

Longo

Zamudio

2017

Molecular Ecology

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“…[29,36] Recent estimates further suggest that gut bacteria generate heat equivalent of about 70% of the total heat produced by an average person. [37] Genes and metabolites that are produced by the microbiome, may provide the host with capabilities that can favor its survival under specific conditions of stress. [38][39][40][41][42][43][44] These contributions of the microbiota can be rapidly adjusted, either by changes in species composition (due to differential amplification of specific bacterial species) or by selection of variant bacteria.…”

Section: The Holobiont As a Symbiotic Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome‐Germline Interactions and Their Transgenerational Implications

Elgart¹,

Soen²

2017

BioEssays

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It is becoming increasingly clear that most, if not all, animals and plants are associated with a diverse array of resident gut microbiota. This symbiosis is regulated by host-microbiome interactions which influence the development, homeostasis, adaptation and evolution of the host. Recent evidence indicated that these interactions can also affect the host germline and have a potential of supporting transgenerational effects, including inheritance of acquired characteristics. Taken together, the influence of gut bacteria on the host soma and germline could potentially give rise to emergent phenotypes, which may be partially inherited by three distinguishable modes of transgenerational influence of gut bacteria: 1) "soma-to-soma" 2) "soma-to-germline" and 3) "soma-germline-soma". Here, we discuss these possibilities in light of evidence supporting bacterial-mediated modes of transgenerational inheritance.

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“…Anatomy and physiology have to accommodate the fact that approximately half our cells are microbial, that they are organized into particular communities, and that they help regulate our metabolism. Much of our body heat and nearly all of our peripheral serotonin is induced by bacteria (Reigstad et al, ; Rosenberg & Zilber‐Rosenberg, ; Yano et al, ). Developmental biology has to deal with the fact that we have “outsourced” many developmental signals to microbes.…”

Section: Foregrounding John Bonner's Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much of our body heat and nearly all of our peripheral serotonin is induced by bacteria (Reigstad et al, 2015;Rosenberg & Zilber-Rosenberg, 2016;Yano et al, 2015). Developmental biology has to deal with the fact that we have "outsourced" many developmental signals to microbes.…”

Section: Foregrounding John Bonner's Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary transitions revisited: Holobiont evo‐devo

Gilbert

2019

J Exp Zool Pt B

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John T. Bonner lists four essential transformations in the evolution of life: the emergence of the eukaryotic cell, meiosis, multicellularity, and the nervous system. This paper analyses the mechanisms for those transitions in light of three of Dr. Bonner's earlier hypotheses: (a) that the organism is its life cycle, (b) that evolution consists of alterations of the life cycle, and (c) that development extends beyond the body and into interactions with other organisms. Using the notion of the holobiont life cycle, this paper attempts to show that these evolutionary transitions can be accomplished through various means of symbiosis. Perceiving the organism both as an interspecies consortium and as a life cycle supports a twofold redefinition of the organism as a holobiont constructed by integrating together the life cycles of several species. These findings highlight the importance of symbiosis and the holobiont development in analyses of evolution.

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Do microbiotas warm their hosts?

Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

Temperature variation, bacterial diversity and fungal infection dynamics in the amphibian skin

Temperature variation, bacterial diversity and fungal infection dynamics in the amphibian skin

Microbiome‐Germline Interactions and Their Transgenerational Implications

Evolutionary transitions revisited: Holobiont evo‐devo

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