The introduction of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID I) in November 2007 fostered the competition between incumbent exchanges and emerging alternative venues. This increased competition resulted in a fragmented market landscape, which benefits market participants due to decreasing explicit transaction costs. However, market fragmentation is also associated with drawbacks for regulators and market participants since liquidity and price discovery are split across different trading venues.One particular issue in fragmented markets are safeguards such as circuit breakers, which aim to prevent extreme price jumps and excessive volatility. If a stock is traded on multiple venues, these circuit breakers might forfeit their effectiveness to manage excess volatility when they are not coordinated among different venues.Therefore, we provide new empirical insights concerning the discussion of circuit breaker coordination and analyze volume migration, shifts in market shares, and volatility spillovers during volatility interruptions in European securities markets. A volatility interruption is a specific type of circuit breaker that interrupts continuous trading with an unscheduled call auction. We observe that during volatility interruptions on the main market, turnover on the alternative venues almost dries out although there is no active circuit breaker on the alternative venues. Moreover, the market share of the main market increases sharply during the auction of the volatility interruption. Thus, the main market is therefore of major importance during turbulent times. By analyzing factors influencing the shift of market shares during volatility interruptions on the main market, we are able to trace back the increasing importance of the main market during these times to two different phenomena: the level of market fragmentation and the level of HFT activity.On the one hand, our results reveal that if a circuit breaker is triggered, traders either refrain from trading on the alternative venues or, if they trade, they prefer to participate in the call auction on the main market. On the other hand, we highlight that multi-market market making and arbitrage trading strategies of high-frequency traders get constrained and become more risky in the absence of the main market because an important price signal is missing and rebalancing their inventories gets too expensive.Consequently, our results provide empirical support against the hypothesis and often claimed concern that volume migrates from the main market to alternative venues during a circuit breaker on the main market. A coordination of circuit breakers among venues does not seem to be necessary because markets are implicitly coordinated due to traders' behavior. January 27, 2017
Coordination of Circuit
AbstractWe study circuit breakers in a fragmented, multi-market environment and investigate whether a coordination of circuit breakers is necessary to ensure their effectiveness. In doing so, we analyze 2,337 volatility interruptions on Deutsche Boer...