2013
DOI: 10.1039/c3em00422h
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Do natural rubber latex condoms pose a risk to aquatic systems?

Abstract: The presence and potential adverse effects of plastic-polymers in the environment are receiving increasing attention in the popular and scientific press. However, quantifying emissions, exposure and effects of these materials remains a challenge. This paper describes the application of a questionnaire survey to quantify emissions of condom material from the domestic household to the sewage waste stream. Condoms are an important mainstay for birth control and the reduction of sexually transmitted infections. Su… Show more

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Cited by 7 publications
(5 citation statements)
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References 43 publications
(76 reference statements)
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“…The lessons learned from other fields, such as nanoparticles, and interdisciplinary work involving analytical chemists and physicists could be valuable to help tackle these analytical challenges. The use of exposure modeling approaches, such as that used by Lambert et al () to characterize environmental exposure to latex and its degradation products, will also help to characterize real‐world exposures. Exposure modeling may be particularly useful in situations where detection of a material is not possible because of limitations in current analytical methodologies and can provide information at greater spatial and temporal resolution than monitoring studies and help to identify major sources of exposure.…”
Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The lessons learned from other fields, such as nanoparticles, and interdisciplinary work involving analytical chemists and physicists could be valuable to help tackle these analytical challenges. The use of exposure modeling approaches, such as that used by Lambert et al () to characterize environmental exposure to latex and its degradation products, will also help to characterize real‐world exposures. Exposure modeling may be particularly useful in situations where detection of a material is not possible because of limitations in current analytical methodologies and can provide information at greater spatial and temporal resolution than monitoring studies and help to identify major sources of exposure.…”
Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although studies should explore potential impacts on nonstandard organisms that could, because of their traits, be vulnerable to microplastic exposures, they should focus on ecologically relevant endpoints (e.g., mortality, growth, and reproduction) that are used in the assessment of risks of standard chemicals. For secondary microplastics, where the environment will likely be exposed to a complex mixture of particles of different sizes and shapes (Lambert et al ), the use of semi‐field environmental degradation studies on microplastics (e.g., Lambert and Wagner ) followed by effects testing on the resulting materials (e.g., Lambert et al ) might help to determine whether these materials are causing harm or not.…”
Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…If only values for standard error (SE) or confidence interval (CI) were provided, SD was obtained using the following formula: SD = SE × √ N , and SD = √ N × (upper limit CI – lower limit CI)/( t value × 2) (Higgins et al., 2023). Where it was not possible to specify whether figures showed SD or SE, we assumed SD (Lambert et al., 2013; Yin et al., 2020). In case of BoxPlots, median, 25th and 75th quartile as well as minimum and maximum values were extracted.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Research on the effects of micro/nanoplastic on Daphnia has experienced significant growth over the past decade, with the first study published in 2013 (Lambert et al., 2013), marking the beginning of focused investigations in this area (Figure 1). The review article by Samadi et al.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Natural rubber (NR) is an essential material in engineering applications. It is widely used in medical fields due to its high wear and barrier property levels; it is used in supplies such as medical gloves [ 1 , 2 ], condoms [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], and catheters [ 6 ]. The preventative properties of natural rubber latex (NRL) can be applied to manufacture products that isolate pathogens, and NRL is one of the best natural raw materials for biomedical products.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%