Do nest exclosures affect the behaviour of Piping Plovers (<i>Charadrius</i><i>melodus melodus</i>) and their predators?

BeaulieuG.,; AustinD.,

doi:10.1139/cjz-2013-0205

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Our findings differ from those of Beaulieu et al (2014), who found that foxes lingered outside of exclosed nests for longer and visited exclosed nests more often compared to unexclosed nests. The differences in findings between our work and that of Beaulieu et al (2014) may be due to methodological differences between the 2 studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the potential for exclosures to protect nests against predation, there are concerns over whether these conspicuous structures might attract predators to nest sites. If so, the possibilities of increased parental abandonment, predation of adults at nests, or predation of chicks immediately after hatching could negate the benefits of reduced nest predation associated with exclosure use (Neuman et al 2004, Barber et al 2010, Beaulieu et al 2014, Dinsmore et al 2014, Cohen et al 2016). In addition, the relative benefits of exclosure use may decrease if their protective power is compromised.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Using GPS location data to assess red fox responses to predator exclosure setup and hatching at shorebird nests

Black

Karpanty

Robinson

et al. 2023

Wildlife Society Bulletin

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Wire cages (i.e., predator exclosures) are frequently used to protect shorebird nests from predation. While exclosed nests often have higher survival than unexclosed nests, concerns exist over whether the conspicuous structures might draw attention of predators, potentially increasing risks to adults and newly-hatched chicks. We present a new approach to investigating predator responses to exclosures and other stimuli at shorebird nests. We used location data from GPScollared red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) to examine short-term spatial responses of foxes to exclosure setup and hatching at piping plover (Charadrius melodus) nests on Fire Island, New York. We compared mean distances between fox locations and piping plover nests, and the proportions of fox locations within a 100-m buffer of nests, before and after exclosure setup and before, during, and after hatching. Mean distances from fox locations to nests were similar before versus after exclosure setup (x̄= 641 m before, 675 m after; permutation test for matched pairs, [PTMP], T = 0.28, P = 0.56, n = 9 foxes), before versus during hatching (x̄= 417 m before, 340 m during; PTMP, T = −0.93, P = 0.18, n = 5 foxes) and during versus after hatching (x̄= 340 m during, 330 m after; PTMP, T = 1.00, P = 0.84, n = 5 foxes). The proportions of fox locations within

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Using GPS location data to assess red fox responses to predator exclosure setup and hatching at shorebird nests

Black

Karpanty

Robinson

et al. 2023

Wildlife Society Bulletin

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“…successful ex situ breeding) but the ultimate goal of population enhancement or stabilisation may not be achieved. Furthermore, side-effects such as behavioural modifications, which subsequently may affect demography or site fidelity, are often not assessed (Beaulieu et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing conservation tools for an at-risk shorebird: Feasibility of headstarting for American OystercatchersHaematopus palliatus

Collins

Sanders

Jodice

2016

Bird Conservation International

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SummaryManagement of threatened and endangered populations of wildlife increasingly relies upon active intervention such as predator control, habitat manipulation, and ex situ breeding or care. One tool that has received consideration for the management of declining or threatened avian populations is headstarting, or the artificial incubation of eggs and subsequent placement of newly hatched chicks in original or foster nests. We assessed the feasibility of implementing a headstarting program for the American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus, a species of high conservation concern in the eastern USA. Annual productivity is often low and lost during incubation, suggesting artificial incubation could enhance annual productivity. We used a control-impact approach to assign nests as either control or headstart and measured daily survival rate, success of parents accepting headstarted chicks, attendance patterns and behaviours of parents, and chick survival. We also implemented a transparent scoring process to rate the success of each step and the overall program. Daily survival rates of nests were significantly higher at headstart compared to control nests, and parents continued to incubate when eggs were well secured at nest sites. Attendance patterns and behaviour did not differ between headstart and control parents, and parents readily accepted healthy chicks whether they were returned to original or foster nests. Chick survival and subsequently annual productivity were, however, not higher at headstart compared to control nests suggesting that although we were able to enhance nest survival, low chick survival was still limiting annual productivity. Ultimately, headstarting may be most appropriate for American Oystercatchers where productivity is lost primarily to flooding, predation, or disturbance during the incubation stage but not during the chick-rearing stage. If, for example, high rates of nest loss are due to predators that also may prey upon chicks, then headstarting may not be an effective conservation tool.

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“…) or by attracting predators to nest sites (Beaulieu et al. , Ferreira‐Rodríguez and Pombal ). These impacts can counteract potential increases in reproductive success (Mabee and Estelle , Johnson and Oring , Pearson et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…However, nest cameras have rarely been used to monitor protected and unprotected nests in previous exclosure studies (Beaulieu et al. ). Some investigators have used cameras to survey potential predator communities rather than actual predators at nests (Ferreira‐Rodríguez and Pombal ), and to identify predators at artificial (Major et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

Exclosure fences around nests of imperiled Florida Grasshopper Sparrows reduce rates of predation by mammals

2019

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Increasing nest survival by excluding predators is a goal of many bird conservation programs. However, new exclosure projects should be carefully evaluated to assess the potential risks of disturbance. We tested the effectiveness of predator exclosure fences (hereafter, fences) for nests of critically endangered Florida Grasshopper Sparrows (Ammodramus savannarum floridanus) at a dry prairie site (Three Lakes; 2015-2018) and a pasture site (the Ranch;-2016 in Osceola County, Florida, USA. We installed fences at nests an average of 8 days after the start of incubation, and nest abandonment after fence installation was rare (2 of 149 installations). Predation was the leading cause of failure for unfenced nests at both sites (48-73%). At Three Lakes, nest cameras revealed that mammals and snakes were responsible for 61.5% and 38.5% of predation events, respectively, at unfenced nests. Fences reduced the daily probability of predation (0.016 for fenced nests vs. 0.074 for unfenced nests). The probability that a fenced nest would survive from discovery to fledging was more than double that of unfenced nests (60.4% vs. 27.7%). However, we found no difference in daily nest survival at the Ranch between the year before nests were fenced (2015; 0.874) and the year when all but one nest were fenced (2016; 0.867) because red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) were responsible for 86% of predation events at fenced nests at the Ranch. The use of cameras at fenced nests revealed that site-specific differences in nest predators explained variation in fence efficiency between sites. Our fence design may be useful for other species of grassland birds, but site-specific predator communities and species-specific response of target bird species to fences should be assessed before installing fences at other sites. RESUMEN.Cercas de exclusi on alrededor de nidos de Ammodramus savannarum floridianus en riesgo disminuyen las tasas de depredaci on por mam ıferos Incrementar la supervivencia de los nidos mediante la exclusi on de depredadores es uno de los objetivos de muchos programas de conservaci on de aves. Sin embargo, nuevos proyectos de exclusi on deben ser evaluados cuidadosamente para determinar el riesgo potencial del disturbio. Evaluamos la efectividad de cercas excluyentes de depredadores (cercas de aqu ı en adelante) para nidos del cr ıticamente amenazado Ammodramus savannarum floridianus en un sitio de pradera seca (Three Lakes; 2019-2018) y un sitio de potrero (the Ranch; 2015-2016) en el condado de Osceola, Florida, USA. Instalamos cercas en los nidos en promedio ocho d ıas despu es del inicio de la incubaci on y el abandono del nido despu es de la instalaci on del acerca fue raro (2 de 149 instalaciones). Depredaci on fue la causa principal de fracaso de los nidos sin cercas en los dos sitios (60.4% vs. 27.7%). Sin embargo, no encontramos diferencias en la supervivencia diaria de los nidos en "the Ranch" entre los años anteriores a la instalaci on de las cercas (2016; 0.874) y el año en el que todos los nidos excepto...

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Do nest exclosures affect the behaviour of Piping Plovers (Charadriusmelodus melodus) and their predators?

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Using GPS location data to assess red fox responses to predator exclosure setup and hatching at shorebird nests

Using GPS location data to assess red fox responses to predator exclosure setup and hatching at shorebird nests

Assessing conservation tools for an at-risk shorebird: Feasibility of headstarting for American OystercatchersHaematopus palliatus

Exclosure fences around nests of imperiled Florida Grasshopper Sparrows reduce rates of predation by mammals

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