Do New Zealand's immigrants have a mortality advantage? Evidence from the New Zealand Census-Mortality Study

Hajat, Anjum; Blakely, Tony; Dayal, Saira; Jatrana, Santosh

doi:10.1080/13557858.2010.496479

Cited by 41 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Concurrent with the findings of many others (see e.g., Hajat et al 2010;McDonald and Kennedy 2004;Wallace and Kulu 2014) and the 'healthy selection' hypothesis, immigrants across most country groups have a survival advantage compared to the Norwegian host population. While this advantage is relatively stable over time, a pronounced increase in death risks is observed with increasing duration of residence, contrary to other reports (Bos et al 2007; Omariba, Ng, and Vissandjee 2014) but in line with the 'negative acculturation' hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Differences in all-cause mortality

Syse¹,

Strand²,

Næss³

et al. 2016

DemRes

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BACKGROUNDDifferences in all-cause mortality between immigrants and host populations may provide insight into health inequities that could be reduced. OBJECTIVEDeath risks of adult immigrants were compared to those of the host population to assess effects of country of origin, duration of residence, calendar period, and sociodemographic characteristics, i.e., sex, education, and marital and parental status. METHODSRegistry data encompassing the entire Norwegian population age 25-79 in 1990-2012 were used to compare death risks in various immigrant groups and the host population, using discrete-time hazard regression models with time-varying covariates. RESULTSOver 451,000 deaths occurred in around 4.4 million individuals. After adjusting for sex, age, and calendar period, immigrants had an 8% survival advantage (odds ratio (OR) 0.92). Death-risk estimates for immigrants were lowered pronouncedly by further adjustment of sociodemographic factors (OR 0.81). The greatest survival advantage was observed among immigrants with a short duration of residence. With increasing lengths of stay, immigrants' risk of death became similar to that of the host population. The CONCLUSIONSImmigrants have a 20% survival advantage compared to the host population. The convergence in mortality with increasing duration of residence suggests that 'healthy migrant' and 'acculturation' effects counteract each other, and warrants further research on the health and welfare of long-term immigrants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Differences in all-cause mortality

Syse¹,

Strand²,

Næss³

et al. 2016

DemRes

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“…In some cases this mortality advantage is observed among immigrants with lower socio-economic status than non-immigrants (Hyman 2001;Palloni and Arias 2004). However, as their duration of residence in the host society increases, the immigrants' initial mortality advantage declines to the point where their mortality resembles that of the local-born population (e.g., Hyman 2001;Palloni and Morenoff 2001;Morales et al 2002;Hajat et al 2010).…”

Section: Explanations Of the Immigrant Mortality Advantagementioning

confidence: 95%

Differences between immigrants at various durations of residence and host population in all-cause mortality, Canada 1991–2006

Omariba

Vissandjée

2014

Population Studies

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We used data from the 1991-2006 Canadian Census Mortality and Cancer Follow-up Study to compare all-cause mortality for immigrants with that of the Canadian-born population. The study addressed two related questions. First, do immigrants have a mortality advantage over the Canadian-born? Second, if immigrants have a mortality advantage, does it persist as their duration of residence increases? The analysis fitted sex-stratified hazard regression models for the overall sample and for selected countries of birth (UK, China, India, Philippines, and the Caribbean). Predictors were assessed at baseline. Mortality was lower among immigrants than the Canadian-born even after adjusting for a selected group of socio-demographic and socio-economic factors. The mortality differences persisted even after long residence in Canada, but appeared to be dependent on the age of the individual and the country of origin. Interpreted in light of known explanations of immigrant mortality advantage, the results mostly reflect selection effects.

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“…Māori tend to have the worst health statistics, followed by Pacific, European and then Asian (although the Asian advantage compared with European appears to be due to healthy migrant effect [13]). Knowledge on trends in ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities in cancer incidence in New Zealand is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social inequalities or inequities in cancer incidence? Repeated census-cancer cohort studies, New Zealand 1981–1986 to 2001–2004

Blakely

Shaw

Atkinson

et al. 2011

Cancer Causes Control

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Tobacco explains many of the social group trends and differences and constitutes an inequity. Cervical cancer trends are plausibly explained by screening and sexual practices. Faster increases of colorectal and breast cancer among Māori are presumably due to changes in dietary and reproductive behaviour, but the higher Māori breast cancer rate is unexplained. Ethnic differences in bladder, brain, endometrial and kidney cancer cannot be fully explained.

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Do New Zealand's immigrants have a mortality advantage? Evidence from the New Zealand Census-Mortality Study

Cited by 41 publications

References 28 publications

Differences in all-cause mortality

Differences in all-cause mortality

Differences between immigrants at various durations of residence and host population in all-cause mortality, Canada 1991–2006

Social inequalities or inequities in cancer incidence? Repeated census-cancer cohort studies, New Zealand 1981–1986 to 2001–2004

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