Do online pharmacies fit European internal markets?

Mäkinen, Mia; Rautava, Päivi; Forsström, J

doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2004.09.007

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The appearance of a "global free drugs market" could seriously endanger the inner equilibrium of the single states' public welfare and health systems, which is why the European (Makinen 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the web has not geographical barriers and its global dimension makes it difficult to control virtual pharmacies since there is not an international legislation aimed to rule this complex issue (Fung et al 2004;Henney 2001;Castronova 2006;Makinen et al 2005;Crawford 2003;Bernath 2003;Brand 2007). The rise of an unregulated global market of drugs may increase the risk of the spread of counterfeit medicines, coming from States where drug production is not submitted to the same quality control as in US, Canada and Europe (Veronin 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marketing and pricing strategies of online pharmacies

et al. 2009

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marketing and pricing strategies of online pharmacies

et al. 2009

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“…Medications and cosmetics are also objects of sale. This activity is carried out by online pharmacies (Quon et al 2005;Fung et al 2004;Montoya and Jano 2007;Fox et al 2005;Lanier 2004;Romero et al 2004;Lineberry and Bostwick 2004;Gondim and Falcȃo 2007;Zeman 2002;Mäkinen et al 2005;Bloom and Iannacone 1999).…”

Section: The Role Of the Internetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, the situation for online pharmacies in EU is unclear, to say the least. Online pharmacies are not covered by specific EU legislation (Mäkinen et al 2005).…”

Section: The Legality Of Online Pharmacies' Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taking medications without medical supervision may lead to the development of an addiction syndrome and dangerous systemic complications (Lanier 2004;Romero et al 2004;Lineberry and Bostwick 2004;Gondim and Falcȃo 2007;Zeman 2002). Unassisted treatment over the Internet based on advertisements presented on television, in magazines, and online spam designed by specialists in drug sales poses the threat of complications, disability, and even death to the customer (Lanier 2004;Romero et al 2004;Lineberry and Bostwick 2004;Zeman 2002;Mäkinen et al 2005;Kovach 2006;Solomon 2007). A legal suit against an online pharmacy has also been reported in the case of a suicide linked to internet purchase of an antidepressant (Weiss et al 2007).…”

Section: Potential Detriments To Customersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential Dual Use of Online Pharmacies

Letkiewicz

Górski

2009

Sci Eng Ethics

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The technological advances of the 20th century resulted in the creation of the Internet and its introduction into everyday life on a global scale. The Internet provides access to information and the sale and purchase of goods. Medications are also subject to trade. Their sale is conducted by online pharmacies and their global turnover amounts to hundreds of billions of dollars. Medications ordered over the Internet are sent by mail all over the world. Considering the events of recent years, we cannot exclude the risk of a terrorist attack through online pharmacies. Terrorists can establish such companies, legally or illegally, or acquire ones already existing. Parcels, which are highly trusted by the customers of online pharmacies, can, for example, be contaminated with dangerous materials. The sale of online medications in the international system is potentially dangerous and requires international regulation.

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