“…Numerous studies have indicated that silicon application can reduce the performance of sap-feeding pest insects as green bug Schizaphis graminum Rondani (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on sorghum (Carvalho et al, 1999), whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cucumber (Correa et al, 2005), and on soybean (Ferreira et al, 2011) green peach aphid Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on potato (Gomes et al, 2008), spittlebug Mahanarva fimbriolata Stal (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) on sugarcane (Korndorfer et al, 2011), Silvering thrips Enneothrips flavens Moulton (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on peanut (Dalastra et al, 2011), Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) on lemon (Mditshwa et al, 2013), mealy-bug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Portulaca grandiflora plants (Huang et al, 2014), brown plant-hopper Nilaparvata lugens Stal (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) on rice (He et al, 2015), leaf aphid Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on maize (Almeida et al, 2015), and citrus black-fly Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on mandarin orange (Vieira et al, 2016). Positive effects of silicon treatment were evident as reduced preference, longevity and fecundity rates, nymph production-and feeding times by nymphs of green bug Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on wheat (Costa et al, 2011).…”