Do Sharksuckers, Echeneis Naucrates , Induce Jump Behaviour in Blacktip Sharks, Carcharhinus Limbatus ?

Ritter, Erich; Brunnschweiler, Juerg M.

doi:10.1080/10236240306697

Cited by 16 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Whenever divers seem to see this display, it is most likely caused by sharksuckers, Echeneis naucrates, attached to a shark's body irritating its sensory organs. One of these sharksucker-induced behaviors called wiggling [23] looks very similar to the initial posturing, identified by Johnson and Nelson [62] that was then declared as a threat display. Since sharksuckers are very commonly associated with sharks [23][24][25], it can be assumed that persons being witnessing these patterns may very well misinterpret what they see.…”

Section: Twist Wiggle and The Lowering Of The Pectoral Finsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of these sharksucker-induced behaviors called wiggling [23] looks very similar to the initial posturing, identified by Johnson and Nelson [62] that was then declared as a threat display. Since sharksuckers are very commonly associated with sharks [23][24][25], it can be assumed that persons being witnessing these patterns may very well misinterpret what they see. However, the actual threat display described by Johnson and Nelson [62] with grey reef sharks, Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos, on this one occasion, has never been scientifically mentioned again in another setting or with another species.…”

Section: Twist Wiggle and The Lowering Of The Pectoral Finsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have shown in our previous studies that sharksuckers trigger a variety of effects [23][24][25], which have a wide spectrum, from very subtle to rather grotesque. Should a shark try to chafe the sharksucker off on the sea bottom [63], the meaning is rather obvious, but there is not always suitable bottom to do so, or the surface may not be close enough to jump out of the water and fall back with the targeted area first [64].…”

Section: Twist Wiggle and The Lowering Of The Pectoral Finsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Should a shark try to chafe the sharksucker off on the sea bottom [63], the meaning is rather obvious, but there is not always suitable bottom to do so, or the surface may not be close enough to jump out of the water and fall back with the targeted area first [64]. In such cases, the shark tries to get rid of a sharksucker by pushing or pulling the skin at the location of the attached teleost to loosen its suction, which can look rather intimidating considering the shark has to keep swimming to do this.…”

Section: Twist Wiggle and The Lowering Of The Pectoral Finsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behaviors seen in sharks such as gaping and chafing are triggered by a variety of factors [23][24][25] but are not caused by humans, even if they may be close by.…”

Section: Jaws Is Not Out Therementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Importance of Academic Research in the Field of Shark-Human Interactions: A Three-Pronged Approach to a Better Understanding of Shark Encounters

Ritter¹,

Amin²

2017

Chondrichthyes - Multidisciplinary Approach

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One of the least understood areas of shark research is the interaction between animals and humans, from factors influencing face-to-face encounters to the causes of incidents and behavior patterns. Although some of these questions can be addressed through studies outside of the water, most interaction-related questions have to be tested by direct observation of the sharks. The main goal of our research is to better understand sharks, and what influences them the most when they are in the vicinity of a human being. Our improved understanding of this animal substantiates the notion that sharks are no different from other animal species and do not reflect the still too often presented media monster. Understanding the true nature of this animal transforms this wrongfully described creature into the rather shy and intelligent animal that it truly is.

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Section: Twist Wiggle and The Lowering Of The Pectoral Finsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Twist Wiggle and The Lowering Of The Pectoral Finsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Twist Wiggle and The Lowering Of The Pectoral Finsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Twist Wiggle and The Lowering Of The Pectoral Finsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behaviors seen in sharks such as gaping and chafing are triggered by a variety of factors [23][24][25] but are not caused by humans, even if they may be close by.…”

Section: Jaws Is Not Out Therementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Importance of Academic Research in the Field of Shark-Human Interactions: A Three-Pronged Approach to a Better Understanding of Shark Encounters

Ritter¹,

Amin²

2017

Chondrichthyes - Multidisciplinary Approach

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Are close-following and breaching behaviours by basking sharks at aggregation sites related to courtship?

Gore

Abels

Wasik³

et al. 2018

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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Basking sharks Cetorhinus maximus tend to aggregate in summer at favoured locations along Britain and Ireland's west coast. Sharks have been described approaching and close-following one another, often to one side. This has been interpreted as putative pre-mating behaviour. At aggregation sites around the Inner Hebrides we used boat-based observation and in-water and overhead drone video-photography to document behaviour and to determine the sex of individuals. It was confirmed that a shark will frequently move purposely towards another from a distance and swim to maintain a position either directly behind or closely to one side of a conspecific for short periods. Contrary to expectation, we found no relationship between the sex of a shark or its size and close-following. This suggests that following behaviours are not mainly related to courtship. Further, abrasions on the nose suspected to be related to male behaviour were found to occur on both sexes, although abrasions on pectoral fins, similarly suggestive of mating-related behaviour, were predominantly on females. Breaching by basking sharks has also been proposed as a means of attracting the opposite sex. We observed breaching by solitary sharks but commonly by sharks within aggregations, and at other times by more than one shark on the same day at the same time; but there was not any clear evidence to indicate that breaching is primarily related to mating. More likely individuals show close following chiefly for feeding-related hydrodynamic advantage. It remains plausible however that mature sharks make use of feeding aggregations to initiate pre-courtship behaviour.

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Water-escape velocities in jumping blacktip sharks

Brunnschweiler

2005

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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This paper describes the first determination of waterescape velocities in free-ranging sharks. Two approximations are used to estimate the final swimming speed at the moment of penetrating the water surface. Blacktip sharks were videotaped from below the surface and parameters were estimated by analysing the sequences frame by frame. Water-escape velocities averaged 6.3 m s K1 . These velocities for blacktip sharks seem accurate and are similar to estimates obtained for other shark species of similar size.

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Do Sharksuckers, Echeneis Naucrates , Induce Jump Behaviour in Blacktip Sharks, Carcharhinus Limbatus ?

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

The Importance of Academic Research in the Field of Shark-Human Interactions: A Three-Pronged Approach to a Better Understanding of Shark Encounters

The Importance of Academic Research in the Field of Shark-Human Interactions: A Three-Pronged Approach to a Better Understanding of Shark Encounters

Are close-following and breaching behaviours by basking sharks at aggregation sites related to courtship?

Water-escape velocities in jumping blacktip sharks

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