Do the lockdown-imposed changes in a wastewater treatment plant catchment's socio-demographics impact longitudinal temporal trends in psychoactive pharmaceutical use?

Boogaerts, Tim; Quireyns, Maarten; Lööf, Hans; Bertels, Xander; Wichelen, Natan Van; Pussig, Bram; Saevels, Jan; Lahousse, Lies; Bonmariage, Pauline; Hamelinck, Wouter; Aertgeerts, Bert; Nuijs, Alexander L.N. van

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162342

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 81 publications

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“… 84 The P:M ratios for tramadol: O -desmethyltramadol ranged from 1.3 ± 0.2 to 2.9 ± 0.7, which encompassed the urinary excretion ratio (i.e., 1.5 ± 0.1) 29 and the ratio (i.e., 1.3 ± 0.2) documented by a WBE study conducted in Leuven, Belgium. 85 The P:M ratios for cocaine:benzoylecgonine varied from 0.41 ± 0.08 to 0.64 ± 0.10, consistent with those (i.e., 0.18–0.73) reported by WBE studies conducted in a Southwestern U.S. university campus 86 and communities in Kentucky 16 , 87 as well as the range of urinary excretion ratios (i.e., 0.27–0.75). 88 , 89 The P:M ratios for nicotine:cotinine (i.e., 2.4 ± 0.4 to 4.2 ± 0.7) were less variable than the range (i.e., 0.6–9.2) observed by a WBE study conducted in communities with both separate and combined sewers in the Northeastern and Western U.S.A. 18 but far exceeded the urinary excretion ratio (i.e., 0.6 ± 0.1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Target and Nontarget Screening to Support Capacity Scaling for Substance Use Assessment through a Statewide Wastewater Surveillance Network in New York

Vogel,

Neyra,

Larsen

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been widely implemented around the world as a complementary tool to conventional surveillance techniques to inform and improve public health responses. Currently, wastewater surveillance programs in the U.S. are evaluating integrated approaches to address public health challenges across multiple domains, including substance abuse. In this work, we demonstrated the potential of online solid-phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography−high-resolution mass spectrometry to support targeted quantification and nontargeted analysis of psychoactive and lifestyle substances as a step toward understanding the operational feasibility of a statewide wastewater surveillance program for substance use assessment in New York. Target screening confirmed 39 substances in influent samples collected from 10 wastewater treatment plants with varying sewershed characteristics and is anticipated to meet the throughput demands as the statewide program scales up to full capacity. Nontarget screening prioritized additional compounds for identification at three confidence levels, including psychoactive substances, such as opioid analgesics, phenethylamines, and cathinone derivatives. Consumption rates of 12 target substances detected in over 80% of wastewater samples were similar to those reported by previous U.S.-based WBE studies despite the uncertainty associated with back-calculations. For selected substances, the relative bias in consumption estimates was sensitive to variations in monitoring frequency, and factors beyond human excretion (e.g., as indicated by the parent-to-metabolite ratios) might also contribute to their prevalence at the sewershed scale. Overall, our study marks the initial phase of refining analytical workflows and data interpretation in preparation for the incorporation of substance use assessment into the statewide wastewater surveillance program in New York.

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