Do the neoclassical canons still describe the beauty of faces? An anthropometric study on 50 Caucasian models

Torsello, Ferruccio; Mirigliani, Lea; D’Alessio, Raoul; Deli, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.pio.2010.04.003

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Actually speaking, conventional cephalometric data cannot reflect different beauty standards according to race, ethnicity, gender, period, or age. 7,13,14 Ideal values suggested by the old cephalometric norm have not changed in many years, and for the present, using these norms alone will produce inconsistencies between the doctors' perspectives and the patients' desires. In my view, cephalometric analysis is rather a uniform measurement method, and the analysis inevitably mutes or excludes individual facial characteristics or beauty preferences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences between Caucasian and Asian attractive faces

Rhee

2017

Skin Research and Technology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences between Caucasian and Asian attractive faces

Rhee

2017

Skin Research and Technology

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“…Torsello et al (2010) found that some of the neoclassical canons can be considered still valid, while others seem to be changed over centuries. According to their research, it seems that reductions in facial medium third, in distance between eyes, and in nose dimensions have occurred as well as relative enlargement of eyes and mouth width [31]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Facial Beauty Using Anthropometric Proportions

Milutinovic

Zelić

Nedeljković

2014

The Scientific World Journal

102

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The improvement of a patient's facial appearance is one of the main goals of contemporary orthodontic treatment. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the difference in facial proportions between attractive and anonymous females in order to establish objective facial features which are widely considered as beautiful. The study included two groups: first group consisted of 83 Caucasian female subjects between 22 and 28 years of age who were selected from the population of students at the University of Belgrade, and the second group included 24 attractive celebrity Caucasian females. The en face facial photographs were taken in natural head position (NHP). Numerous parameters were recorded on these photographs, in order to establish facial symmetry and correlation with the ideal set of proportions. This study showed significant difference between anonymous and attractive females. Attractive females showed smaller face in general and uniformity of the facial thirds and fifths, and most of the facial parameters meet the criteria of the ideal proportions.

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“…Torsello et al 12 have stated a similar concept that some of the neoclassical canons seem to change over centuries. Their study also showed that, e.g., the attractive Italian women have smaller intercanthal distance, nose width, and relatively larger eyes and mouth width than the "neoclassic canon face."…”

Section: In Caucasian Populationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparison of aesthetic facial criteria between Caucasian and East Asian female populations: An esthetic surgeon's perspective

Gao

Niddam²,

Noël³

et al. 2018

Asian Journal of Surgery

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Objective aesthetic criteria are important for patient evaluation and analysis during aesthetic surgeries, while successful aesthetic surgeries must take into account the underlying ethnic differences. The aim of this study is to help surgeons and scientists better plan facial aesthetic surgeries and understand the aesthetic needs according to different patients by reviewing and comparing the current aesthetic principles and preferences in Caucasian and East Asian populations. PubMed and The Cochrane Library were searched using keywords regarding anthropometric measurements. Only original clinical studies and reviews written in English and Chinese and those that focused on the objective assessment of facial aesthetics in Caucasian and East Asian female populations were retained for review. Reference lists of the selected articles were also reviewed for eligible studies. Sixty-five articles that described objective aesthetic criteria in Caucasian and East Asian female populations were found through PubMed, among which 47 included Caucasian populations and 18 included East Asian populations. Compared with White women, East Asian women prefer a small, delicate, and less robust face, lower position of double eyelid, more obtuse nasofrontal angle, rounder nose tip, smaller tip projection, and slightly more retruded mandibular profile. Various differences exist between objective facial aesthetic criteria in Caucasian and East Asian populations. Further studies that focus on the objective aesthetic criteria of facial attractiveness in different ethnicities need to be conducted, especially in Asian countries. Level V: Opinions of respected authorities, based on clinical experience, descriptive studies, or reports of expert committees.

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Do the neoclassical canons still describe the beauty of faces? An anthropometric study on 50 Caucasian models

Cited by 33 publications

References 19 publications

Differences between Caucasian and Asian attractive faces

Differences between Caucasian and Asian attractive faces

Evaluation of Facial Beauty Using Anthropometric Proportions

Comparison of aesthetic facial criteria between Caucasian and East Asian female populations: An esthetic surgeon's perspective

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