Do the Predictors of Child Conduct Problems Vary by High- and Low-Levels of Socioeconomic and Neighborhood Risk?

Schonberg, Michael A.; Shaw, Daniel S.

doi:10.1007/s10567-007-0018-4

Cited by 75 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 192 publications

(209 reference statements)

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“…The child factors were more influential on EB at T2 than the proximal family factors, with 48% and 30% respectively of variance explained. These results are in line with the idea that high levels of deleterious environmental factors such as harsh parenting or high disorganization in attachment are relatively rare in low contextual risk families and that therefore, individual risk factors contribute more than proximal family factors to the development of later EB (Bronfenbrenner & Ceci, 1994;Lanza et al, 2010;Schonberg & Shaw, 2007). In line with this assumption, the influence of both parenting and attachment was no longer significant in the model where all of the child and the proximal family factors were considered as predictors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…child and family, but the predictive power of these was shown to be different. The influence of the child factors was higher than the influence of the family ones, and the deleterious level of the proximal family factors was found to be relatively low (Schonberg & Shaw, 2007). In line with these conclusions, two preferable pathways to pathological EB could be suggested for children incurring no distal risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Distal risk factors were demonstrated to be strong correlates of EB (e.g. Lanza, Rhoades, Nix, & Greenberg, 2010;Schonberg & Shaw, 2007). EB was found to be much more common among children reared in high contextual risk families (Lansford et al, 2006).…”

Section: Family Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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When there seem to be no predetermining factors: Early child and proximal family risk predicting externalizing behavior in young children incurring no distal family risk

Roskam¹,

Meunier²,

Stiévenart³

et al. 2013

Research in Developmental Disabilities

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Externalizing behavior (EB) is characterized by agitation, opposition, aggression, provocation, negative thoughts and transgression of social norms (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2000). A certain level of EB is considered to be typical in preschoolers (Wakschlag et al., 2007). But persistent high levels of EB were found in subgroups of children (e.g. Calkins, Blandon, Williford, & Keane, 2007). Research has tried to identify risk factors that potentially increase the likelihood of EB. Based on the work of key leaders in this topic, Loeber and Farrington (2000) established a list according to several ecological levels, i.e. child, family, school, peer and neighborhood factors. The relations between child and family factors and EB have especially been documented in young children, while the potential contribution of school, peer and neighborhood factors was more specific in the prediction of school age children's and adolescents' EB. The current research examines the impact of two single risk factors at the child level, i.e. personality and inhibition capacities, and two single risk factors at the family level, i.e. attachment and parenting, and the impact of their cumulative effect on young children's EB incurring no distal family risk. We first review studies documenting the relations between children's EB and each of the four risk factors at the child and family levels. Second, we document research into cumulative risk with EB as an outcome. The main objective of the current study was to examine the impact of two child risk factors, i.e. personality and inhibition, and two proximal family risk factors, i.e. parenting and attachment, and the impact of their cumulative effect on later externalizing behavior among young children incurring no distal family risk. Data were collected in a longitudinal two-wave design from 161 non-referred and referred children aged three to five years at the onset of the study. All of the children were raised in families of middle to high socioeconomic status, i.e. their parents were educated to a middle to high level, had access to the job market and lived together as couples. The four risk domains were assessed at the onset of the study, while EB was rated both at the onset of the study and in the 24-month follow-up. Results confirmed that the four risk domains were each both correlates of EB and efficient at discriminating non-referred from referred children; that their combination regardless of their content (cumulative risk) provided a strong prediction of both later EB and non-referred vs referred sample membership. The results are discussed both for research and clinical purposes. ß

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

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When there seem to be no predetermining factors: Early child and proximal family risk predicting externalizing behavior in young children incurring no distal family risk

Roskam¹,

Meunier²,

Stiévenart³

et al. 2013

Research in Developmental Disabilities

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“…For instance, research has found that parental monitoring matters more in high -risk environments than low -risk ones (Schonberg & Shaw, 2007 ), that parental monitoring decreases as children age (McDowell & Parke, 2009 ), and that parental monitoring has varying infl uences on peer relationships (Mounts, 2001 ). Thus, the impact of parenting practices on peer interactions may be accentuated or attenuated by environmental risk at different developmental ages.…”

Section: Parent and Peer Relations Within The Broader Social Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interplay Between Parents and Peers as Socializing Influences in Children's Development

Reich

Vandell

2010

The Wiley‐Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Social Development

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For the most part, separate research traditions have developed to study children ' s relationships with parents and peers. The organization and format of this handbook refl ect these separate and distinct literatures. Studies of children ' s interactions with their parents have focused on attachment security (see Chapter 17 ), parenting practices (see Chapter 18 ), and variations associated with demographic and cultural factors (see Chapters 8 and 9 ). As a quick perusal of these chapters reveals, a central issue for many researchers is identifying the effects of children ' s experiences with their parents on a host of social and emotional outcomes including mental health, adjustment, empathy, and prosocial behaviors. Other researchers have focused on children ' s relationships with their peers and studied areas such as peer acceptance and rejection (see Chapter 21 ), friendship (see Chapter 25 ), and peer group interaction (see Chapter 23 ) as socializing infl uences on child developmental outcomes. As a review of the four chapters in the " Peer Group " part of this handbook clearly illustrates, this corpus of work is also large.The purpose of the current chapter is to consider the smaller but important body of literature that examines the role of both parents and peers on child development. We consider fi ve interrelated issues: (a) the infl uence of parent -child relationships on children ' s interactions and relationships with their peers, (b) the infl uence of peer experiences on children ' s interactions and relationships with their parents, (c) additive or cumulative effects of parents and peers on social and cognitive outcomes, (d) interactive or synergistic effects of parents and peers on child developmental outcomes, and fi nally

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“…Schonberg & Shaw 2007). Published findings regarding associations between parents' marital status, immigration, and child behaviour problems are rare, and fewer studies still have reported on these associations in early childhood (Javo et al, 2004).…”

Section: Socio-economic Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiology of Child Psychopathology: Basic Principles and Research Data

Kuschel¹

2012

Epidemiology Insights

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Do the Predictors of Child Conduct Problems Vary by High- and Low-Levels of Socioeconomic and Neighborhood Risk?

Cited by 75 publications

References 192 publications

When there seem to be no predetermining factors: Early child and proximal family risk predicting externalizing behavior in young children incurring no distal family risk

When there seem to be no predetermining factors: Early child and proximal family risk predicting externalizing behavior in young children incurring no distal family risk

The Interplay Between Parents and Peers as Socializing Influences in Children's Development

The Epidemiology of Child Psychopathology: Basic Principles and Research Data

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