Do US TRAP Laws Trap Women Into Bad Jobs?

Bahn, Kate; Kugler, Adriana D.; Mahoney, Melissa; McGrew, Annie

doi:10.1080/13545701.2019.1622029

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Another article in this volume that explores the nature and quality of work and its link to contraceptive access is the analysis by Kate Bahn, Adriana Kugler, Melissa Holly Mahoney, and Annie McGrew (2019) of Targeted Restrictions on Abortion Providers (TRAP) in the US. This study explores the impact of women's access to reproductive healthcare on labor market opportunities in the US.…”

Section: Contribution Of This Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

The Intersections of Women’s Economic and Reproductive Empowerment

Gammage¹,

Joshi

Rodgers

2019

Feminist Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article examines the connections between women's reproductive health, care responsibilities, and the quality of work. The research suggests that the economic empowerment of women, manifest in their choice of where and when to work, and of the terms and conditions of that work, is intimately linked to reproductive empowerment and reproductive outcomes. Simplistic discourse in development policy about educating girls and getting women into the labor force will not translate into goals being met unless attention is paid to women's reproductive health and rights. This analysis highlights the data limitations inherent in existing surveys that frustrate a more-nuanced inquiry into employment and fertility outcomes. Analysts and statistical agencies responsible for household and labor force survey design could certainly apply some of the information they gain from questions that elicit retrospective histories of contraception and fertility to inform their interpretations of women's employment history, job quality, and labor market intermittency.

show abstract

Section: Contribution Of This Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

The Intersections of Women’s Economic and Reproductive Empowerment

Gammage¹,

Joshi

Rodgers

2019

Feminist Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Individuals facing restricted abortion access may be less likely to pursue higher education and may be less likely to participate in the labor force, both of which may result in increased poverty among these mothers and subsequent intergenerational transmission of poverty to their children . For mothers who participate in the labor force, studies have shown that those living in states where TRAP laws are enacted may be less likely to move between occupations and are less upwardly mobile, furthering the gender wage gap and resulting in an overall decrease in national GDP . The Institute for Women’s Policy Research estimates that state abortion restrictions cost state economies $105 billion per year as a result of these implications…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Restricted Abortion Access and Child Entries Into the Foster Care System

Adkins,

Talmor,

White

et al. 2024

JAMA Pediatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ImportanceThe 2022 US Supreme Court decision Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization overturned federal protections to abortion care, allowing many states to severely restrict or ban access to abortion. Given the implications of the Dobbs ruling, there is a need to understand the full consequences of restricted abortion access. Before 2022, many states restricted access to safe and legal abortions through Targeted Regulation of Abortion Providers (TRAP) laws, which provide a historical mode for estimating the consequences of abortion restrictions.ObjectiveTo use TRAP law enactment as a natural experiment to quantify the association between restricted abortion access and foster care entries.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cohort study, data on the enactment of TRAP laws and case-level data on foster care entries were used to estimate the association between restricted abortion access and foster care entries in each of the 50 US states and the District of Columbia. The sample included children conceived between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 2011, who were placed into foster care at any point between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2020. Data analysis was performed from January 2023 to July 2023.ExposuresRestricted abortion access due to state-level TRAP laws during pregnancy.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was the number of children entering foster care in each state, measured by year of child conception. The analysis was performed using a generalized difference-in-differences design, comparing entries into foster care in states with TRAP laws to states without TRAP laws, before and after their implementation.ResultsThis study included 4 179 701 children who were placed into foster care during the study period, with 11 016 561 entries. More than half of the children were male (51.4%), and the mean (SD) age was 7.4 (5.2) years. There was an 11% increase in foster care placement after abortion access was restricted in states with TRAP laws, relative to states without TRAP laws (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.11 [95% CI, 1.01-1.23]). These laws had significant consequences for Black children (IRR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.05-1.28]) and racial and ethnic minority children (IRR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.02-1.30]). The increase in entries due to TRAP laws was particularly attributable to housing inadequacy (IRR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.11-1.32]).Conclusions and RelevanceRestricted abortion access can have numerous consequences, and these findings reveal a heightened strain on the US foster care system, particularly affecting marginalized racial and ethnic communities and financially vulnerable families. These placements have been shown to have lifelong consequences for children and substantial costs for both states and the federal government. To further examine the widespread implications of the overturning of Roe v Wade, future studies should forecast the expected increase in foster care entries and estimate the expenditure needed to support these children.

show abstract

“…Not only do abortion regulations impact women's labor supply, but they also affect occupational mobility. In the U.S., Targeted Restrictions on Abortion Providers (TRAP) laws that make it more difficult for women to seek an abortion are linked to increased 'job lock,' such that women living in states with TRAP laws are less likely to move between occupations and into higher-paying occupations (Bahn et al 2020b).…”

Section: Reproductive Health and Labor Market Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%