“…Haiti earthquake (Blanc et al, 2020;Cénat et al, 2020;Daniels, 2021;Fath et al, 2020;Mika, 2020), Palu earthquake (Ho et al, 2021;Koul & Mulchandani, 2021;Rohit et al, 2021;Zhao, 2021), Nepal earthquake (He et al, 2018;Lay et al, 2017;Sharma et al, 2021;Spoon et al, 2020;Valagussa et al, 2021), Padang West Sumatra earthquake (Bothara et al, 2010;Chian et al, 2019;Lay et al, 2017;Muhammad et al, 2017;Rosyidi et al, 2011), and Aceh earthquake (Chanson, 2007;Hagan et al, 2007;Rusydy et al, 2020;Sørensen et al, 2007;Sufri et al, 2019) took many lives. The disasters present a significant challenge in developing appropriate disaster mitigation management models.…”