Does a Ketogenic Diet Have a Place Within Diabetes Clinical Practice? Review of Current Evidence and Controversies

Firman, Chloe H.; Mellor, Duane D.; Unwin, David; Brown, Adrian

doi:10.1007/s13300-023-01492-4

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Current management of diabetes mellitus involves maintaining a healthy diet [8]- [10], early detection by medical consultation [11], and regular self-monitoring of blood glucose levels [12], [13]. Blood glucose levels can be measured using three methods: invasive [14]- [16], minimally invasive [17]- [19], and noninvasive [20]- [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light sensor optimization based on finger blood estimation and IoT-integrated

Fathurrahman,

Robi'in,

Saputro

et al. 2024

J. Soft Comput. Explor.

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Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent disease in society. This condition results from various causes, such as lifestyle choices or genetic predisposition. To prevent diabetes mellitus, blood glucose levels must be monitored periodically, and dietary consumption must be managed. Blood glucose monitoring still uses the incision or minimally invasive approach. This approach poses a risk of infection and damage. This study devised a method to optimize a light sensor to measure blood glucose levels. This approach uses sensor optimization and an integrated Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The research findings demonstrate that the use of the optimization strategy leads to increased consistency in sensor values, which may then be transmitted wirelessly through the IoT network. The research results demonstrate that using the optimization strategy leads to increased consistency in sensor values, which may then be wirelessly transmitted through the IoT network.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light sensor optimization based on finger blood estimation and IoT-integrated

Fathurrahman,

Robi'in,

Saputro

et al. 2024

J. Soft Comput. Explor.

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“…There is growing evidence leading to recommendations from numerous scientific medical societies of diabetology on the use of these dietary approaches to intervene against type 2 diabetes [ 16 , 17 , 18 ] and overall protection against cardiovascular diseases [ 19 ]. However, contemporary literature reviews assessing the comparative effects of carbohydrate restricted diets versus low-fat control diets in overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have shown divergent and inconclusive results regarding the impact on glycated hemoglobin, weight loss, and cardiovascular risk factors [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Dietary fats, particularly saturated fatty acids (SFAs), have been implicated as the cause of the significant rise in obesity and its related diseases [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet and a Mediterranean Diet in Overweight/Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A 16-Week Intervention Study

Currenti,

Losavio,

Quiete

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Introduction: The worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity has been steadily increasing over the past four decades, with projections indicating a significant rise in the number of affected individuals by 2045. Therapeutic interventions in T2DM aim to control blood glucose levels and reduce the risk of complications. Dietary and lifestyle modifications play a crucial role in the management of T2DM and obesity. While conventional medical nutritional therapy (MNT) often promotes a high-carbohydrate, low-fat Mediterranean diet as an elective treatment, low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs), specifically those restricting carbohydrate intake to less than 130 g/day, have gained popularity due to their multifaceted benefits. Scientific research supports the efficacy of LCDs in improving glycemic control, weight loss, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and overall quality of life. However, sustaining these benefits over the long term remains challenging. This trial aimed to compare the effects of a Mediterranean diet vs. a low-carbohydrate diet (carbohydrate intake < 130 g/day) on overweight/obese patients with T2DM over a 16-week period. The study will evaluate the differential effects of these diets on glycemic regulation, weight reduction, lipid profile, and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: The study population comprises 100 overweight/obese patients with poorly controlled T2DM. Anthropometric measurements, bioimpedance analysis, and blood chemistry assessments will be conducted at baseline and after the 16-week intervention period. Both dietary interventions were hypocaloric, with a focus on maintaining a 500 kcal/day energy deficit. Results: After 16 weeks, both diets had positive effects on various parameters, including weight loss, blood pressure, glucose control, lipid profile, and renal function. However, the low-carbohydrate diet appears to result in a greater reduction in BMI, blood pressure, waist circumference, glucose levels, lipid profiles, cardiovascular risk, renal markers, and overall metabolic parameters compared to the Mediterranean diet at the 16-week follow up. Conclusions: These findings suggest that a low-carbohydrate diet may be more effective than a Mediterranean diet in promoting weight loss and improving various metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight/obese patients with T2DM. However, it is important to note that further research is needed to understand the clinical implications and long-term sustainability of these findings.

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“…This and other practical considerations result in very few (if any) long-term RCTs looking at diet. In terms of diabetes guidelines, this has led to a recent paper 10 concluding there is ‘no long-term evidence for the current guideline-driven approaches, so all long-term dietary strategies for diabetes management remain an ‘evidence-free zone’’.…”

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confidence: 99%