Does Alzheimer’s Disease Protect against Cancers? A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Ou, Shuo Ming; Lee, Yi Jung; Hu, Yu; Liu, Chia Jen; Chen, Tzeng Ji; Fuh, Jong Ling; Wang, Shuu Jiun

doi:10.1159/000341411

Cited by 76 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…In 2010, Attner et al [10 ]performed a population-based study of 18 cancer types in a Swedish population and found that patients with dementia have a lower risk of cancer. Similarly, in a recent population-based study of 6,960 patients with Alzheimer dementia in Taiwan, those patients were found to have a reduced overall risk of developing cancer [11]. Later, in 2015, Shi et al [12] conducted a meta-analysis of data from 9 publications and concluded that the risk of cancer is significantly decreased in Alzheimer patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Significance of Dementia in Older Adults with Solid Tumors

Wongrakpanich

Hurst²,

Bustamante³

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background: The public health burden of cancer and dementia in the geriatric population is well documented. There is limited data on how dementia predicts mortality among geriatric patients with solid tumors. The objective of this study is to determine the prognostic significance of dementia on survival in patients with solid tumors. Methods: We performed a 5-year retrospective study on elderly subjects aged ≥60 years with and without dementia that were diagnosed with solid tumors. Results: Among 3,460 patients with solid tumors, 132 (3.8%) patients were found to have dementia. The median age at diagnosis was 71 years. Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated that patients with dementia had an inferior median survival compared to the nondemented group (30 vs. 56 months; log-rank p < 0.001). Cox proportional hazard regression modeling identified age >80 years, female gender, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, dementia, and radiation therapy as risk factors for decreased overall survival. Conclusions: We demonstrated that dementia is associated with shorter overall survival in elderly patients with solid tumors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Significance of Dementia in Older Adults with Solid Tumors

Wongrakpanich

Hurst²,

Bustamante³

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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“…11 A meta-analysis of five studies showed a 50% decreased risk of AD in patients with a history of cancer, and a 36% decreased risk of cancer in patients with AD. 12 Two studies using administrative databases have been large enough to examine the relationship between AD and individual cancer types, 4, 5 and significant inverse associations were seen with hematologic malignancies, lung cancer and colorectal cancer.…”

Section: 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of cancer and Alzheimer's disease risk in a national cohort of veterans

Frain

Swanson

Cho

et al. 2017

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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INTRODUCTION To examine the risk of AD among cancer survivors in a national database. METHODS Retrospective cohort of 3,499,378 mostly male US veterans ≥65 followed 1996–2011. We used Cox models to estimate risk of AD and alternative outcomes (non-AD dementia, osteoarthritis, stroke and macular degeneration) in veterans with and without a history of cancer. RESULTS Survivors of a wide variety of cancers had modestly lower AD risk, but increased risk of the alternative outcomes. Survivors of screened cancers, including prostate cancer, had a slightly increased AD risk. Cancer treatment was independently associated with decreased AD risk; those who received chemotherapy had a lower risk than those who did not. DISCUSSION Survivors of some cancers have a lower risk of AD but not other age-related conditions, arguing that lower AD diagnosis is not simply due to bias. Cancer treatment may be associated with decreased risk of AD.

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“…By contrast, inverse co-morbidities are defined as a lower-than-expected probability of a specific disease in individuals diagnosed with another medical condition. For instance, AD is associated with a lower risk of various cancers, including LC 9, 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A molecular hypothesis to explain direct and inverse co-morbidities between Alzheimer’s Disease, Glioblastoma and Lung cancer

Sánchez-Valle

Tejero

Ibáñez

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Epidemiological studies indicate that patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease have a lower risk of developing lung cancer, and suggest a higher risk of developing glioblastoma. Here we explore the molecular scenarios that might underlie direct and inverse co-morbidities between these diseases. Transcriptomic meta-analyses reveal significant numbers of genes with inverse patterns of expression in Alzheimer’s disease and lung cancer, and with similar patterns of expression in Alzheimer’s disease and glioblastoma. These observations support the existence of molecular substrates that could at least partially account for these direct and inverse co-morbidity relationships. A functional analysis of the sets of deregulated genes points to the immune system, up-regulated in both Alzheimer’s disease and glioblastoma, as a potential link between these two diseases. Mitochondrial metabolism is regulated oppositely in Alzheimer’s disease and lung cancer, indicating that it may be involved in the inverse co-morbidity between these diseases. Finally, oxidative phosphorylation is a good candidate to play a dual role by decreasing or increasing the risk of lung cancer and glioblastoma in Alzheimer’s disease.

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Does Alzheimer’s Disease Protect against Cancers? A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Cited by 76 publications

References 76 publications

Prognostic Significance of Dementia in Older Adults with Solid Tumors

Prognostic Significance of Dementia in Older Adults with Solid Tumors

Association of cancer and Alzheimer's disease risk in a national cohort of veterans

A molecular hypothesis to explain direct and inverse co-morbidities between Alzheimer’s Disease, Glioblastoma and Lung cancer

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