Does an acute bout of moderate exercise reduce alcohol craving in university students?

Gawor, Aleksandra; Hogervorst, Eef; Wilcockson, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107071

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Peretti-Watel et al [83] reported that for French students over a period of over 10 years, the frequencies of beer consumption and alcohol intoxication greatly increased, especially among females. However, Gawor et al [84] found that moderate physical exercise can contribute to reducing alcohol cravings among United Kingdom university students. Tobacco use continues to pose serious public health risks, being considered a major cause of preventable diseases and deaths [35,85].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Knowledge for Better Nutrition and Health: A Study among University Students in Portugal

et al. 2023

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When students enter university, they suffer adaptations, including, usually, greater autonomy and responsibility for the choices they make. Therefore, it is crucial that they are well informed so as to make healthier food choices. The aim of this study was to determine whether sociodemographic characteristics, academic performance and lifestyle (tobacco and alcohol consumption) interfere with food literacy in university students. A quantitative, analytical, descriptive, transversal and correlational study was carried out, using quantitative data obtained through a questionnaire survey applied to a sample of 924 university students in Portugal. Food literacy was assessed through a scale of 27 items, distributed in three dimensions: D1—Literacy about food nutritional value and composition, D2—Literacy about labelling and food choice and D3—Literacy about healthy eating practices. Results showed no differences in food literacy according to sex or age. However, food literacy varied significantly with nationality, either globally (p = 0.006) or in the different dimensions evaluated (p-values of 0.005, 0.027 and 0.012 for D1, D2 and D3, respectively). In terms of academic achievement, the results showed no significant differences according to self-reported academic performance or even to the average classification obtained in the course. Regarding lifestyle variables, it was observed that alcohol consumption or smoking are not associated with food literacy, that is, food literacy does not vary significantly with these two lifestyle variables. In conclusion, food literacy in general and the dimensions evaluated are essentially constant among university students in Portugal, only varying for students from abroad. These results help to better perceive the food literacy levels for the population under study, university students, and that can be a valuable tool to better increase food literacy at these institutions as a way to better prepare for a healthier life and proper food habits that can enhance health in the long term.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Knowledge for Better Nutrition and Health: A Study among University Students in Portugal

et al. 2023

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“…Half of the items represent positive affect; the other half negative affect. The PANAS has been widely used to assess affective responses to exercise, including in SUD populations, where reliability estimates are reported to be excellent [ 30 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acute Exercise on Affect, Anxiety, and Self-Esteem in Poly-Substance Dependent Inpatients

et al. 2023

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Introduction: Negative affect and anxiety frequently precede the onset of drug use in those with substance use disorder (SUD). Low self-esteem may increase the risk of relapse. We examined the short-term effects of exercise on affect, anxiety, and self-esteem in inpatients with poly-SUD. Methods: This is a multicenter randomized control trial (RCT) with a crossover design. Thirty-eight inpatients (37.3 ± 6.4 years; 84% male) from three clinics participated in 45 min of soccer, circuit training, and control condition (psychoeducation) in a random order. Positive and negative affect (PANAS), state anxiety (single item), and self-esteem (Rosenberg SE-scale) were measured immediately before, immediately after, 1-h, 2-h, and 4-h post-exercise. Heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion were taken. Effects were assessed using linear mixed effects models. Results: Compared to the control condition, there were significant post-exercise improvements in positive affect (β = 2.99, CI = 0.39: 5.58), self-esteem (β = 1.84, CI = 0.49: 3.20), and anxiety (β = −0.69, CI = −1.34: −0.04) after circuit training (shown) and soccer. Effects persisted 4-h post-exercise. Reductions in negative affect were observed 2-h (circuit training: β = −3.39, CI = −6.35: −1.51) and 4-h (soccer: β = −3.71, CI = −6.03: −1.39) post-exercise, respectively. Conclusion: Moderately strenuous exercise undertaken in naturalistic settings may improve mental health symptoms in poly-SUD inpatients for up to 4-h post-exercise.

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“…Sporting activity has been in our culture since ancient Greek civilization and is linked to a concept of health and well-being. In recent decades, the scientific literature has highlighted the association between exercise and physical and mental health [1] quality of life [2], stress [3] mood [4][5][6], anxiety and depression [5][6][7][8], and recent studies have shown that physical activity activates reward circuits [9] and increases peripheral levels of dopamine [10], noradrenaline, and serotonin and endorphin release [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits, Risks and Gender Differences in Sport, and Exercise Dependence: Key Role of Alexithymia

Manfredi

2022

IJERPH

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The literature has long highlighted the benefits of sport, but too much sport could indicate a dependence without a substance, namely exercise dependence. The literature has only recently investigated this issue and therefore several questions are open, particularly with regard to psychopathological significance and gender differences. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether young subjects (M = 20 years) with a risk of exercise dependency and non-dependent symptomatic display other behavioural and psychological suffering and discomforts, or whether such an investment in physical activity is compatible with a framework of relative well-being; and if there are differences related to gender. A total of 396 subjects were involved in this study. Exercise Dependence Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale and an ad hoc questionnaire with information relating to the consumption of alcohol, soft and hard drugs, quality of sleep and nutrition, affective and friendship relationships, hobbies, presence of psychological or physical disorders, motivations for sporting activity, and any traumatic experiences were used. With regard to the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS), the prevalence of subjects at risk of exercise dependence was 1.5% and that of non-dependents symptomatic was 31.3%. Considering only men, the percentage of subjects at risk of exercise dependence rose to 3% and that of non-dependents symptomatic to 47.9%. Our data support the hypothesis that the risk of exercise dependence and the symptomatic condition without dependence can occur in situations of relative well-being (happiness, satisfaction, relationships) without significant associations with other problematic behaviours. Modest consumption of soft drugs is reported in non-dependent symptomatic subjects. The hypothesis of increased levels of alexithymia is confirmed but limited to the male gender. Gender differences are confirmed in the frequency and motivation to practice sport and in the risk of dependence. It is important that the assessment of addiction risk is integrated with the assessment of alexithymia and personal and social resources over time.

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Does an acute bout of moderate exercise reduce alcohol craving in university students?

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Food Knowledge for Better Nutrition and Health: A Study among University Students in Portugal

Food Knowledge for Better Nutrition and Health: A Study among University Students in Portugal

Effects of Acute Exercise on Affect, Anxiety, and Self-Esteem in Poly-Substance Dependent Inpatients

Benefits, Risks and Gender Differences in Sport, and Exercise Dependence: Key Role of Alexithymia

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