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AbstractThis study examines the wage gender gap of young adults in the 1970s, 1980s, and 2000 in the US. Using quantile regression we estimate the gender gap across the entire wage distribution. We also study the importance of high school characteristics in predicting future labor market performance. We conduct analyses for three major racial/ethnic groups in the US: Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics, employing data from two rich longitudinal studies: NLS and NELS. Our results indicate that while some school characteristics are positive and significant predictors of future wages for Whites, they are less so for the two minority groups. We find significant wage gender disparities favoring men across all three surveys in the 1970s, 1980s, and 2000. The wage gender gap is more pronounced in higher paid jobs (90 th quantile) for all groups, indicating the presence of a persistent and alarming "glass ceiling."JEL Codes: J16, J24, J31Keywords: wages, gender differences, school effects, quantile regression.
2The existence of gender differences in labor market outcomes, such as wages, has gained ample attention in economics and the social sciences. Gender differences in wages have been researched and documented, and frequently debated in the literature. It is an established fact that males earn substantially higher wages than females. There is some empirical evidence, however, that while the gender gap is decreasing over time due to women's increased labor force participation and experience, it remains strong across the entire wage distribution.The quality of the empirical evidence on gender differences in wages has not always been very strong for two main reasons. First, typically, the samples of various studies on gender differences in wages are not representative of a well-defined population. Many studies have used convenient samples, and it is plausible that the results obtained from such selected samples are biased (positively or negatively), and hence very different from their "true" population parameters. Second, various previous studies on gender differences in wages have typically examined and reported group differences in means (the central tendency of the distribution of wages). Gender differences in the extremes (e.g., upper and lower tails) of the wage distribution are only recently documented in the literature. Since it is likely that gender differences in the tails of the wage distribution may be different quali...