Does aquatic invasive species removal benefit native fish? The response of gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) to commercial harvest of bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carp (H. molitrix)

Love, Seth A.; Lederman, Nathan J.; Anderson, Rebekah L.; DeBoer, Jason A.; Casper, Andrew F.

doi:10.1007/s10750-017-3439-1

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Comparatively, the upper river has a considerably lower silver carp density due to intensive removal efforts by contracted commercial fishers (e.g. Love et al 2018) and a population that is mainly comprised of lower-river migrants (ACRCC 2020). Moreover, bigheaded carp (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variation in bluegill population demographics in a highly modified large river system

Whitten¹,

DeBoer²,

Solomon³

et al. 2020

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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Population demographics are used by biologists and managers to determine the quality of a fishery and set regulations to achieve desired management goals. Regulating a large river system fishery that spans a substantial geographical region is often complicated by spatially variable environmental factors that affect fish population dynamics (e.g. habitat, water quality); these dynamics are rarely examined within an entire system. In this study we compared spatial differences in population age and length at capture, growth, fecundity and body condition of bluegill Lepomis macrochirus among two different river reaches (e.g. basin width, gradient, velocity) of the Illinois River (Illinois, USA) and a disconnected floodplain lake, the Emiquon Preserve. Variations in selected population demographics were evaluated in relation to well-documented habitat characteristics (e.g. water quality, aquatic vegetation, backwater availability). Differences in bluegill demographic traits between the disconnected floodplain lake and river reaches were distinct, and variations between river reaches were sex specific. The floodplain lake generally had older bluegill that expressed a higher maximum length at age and a lower growth rate and fecundity than bluegill in river reaches. River bluegill differed between river reaches in male growth, and fecundity in both sexes. Body condition was not significantly different among bluegill populations. Early research on floodplain lakes indicates that this habitat supports greater fish growth and higher reproductive fitness than mainstem habitat. We conclude that increasing the availability of quality backwater habitat, even within a highly modified large river system like the Illinois River, could substantially increase the quality and stability of bluegill populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variation in bluegill population demographics in a highly modified large river system

Whitten¹,

DeBoer²,

Solomon³

et al. 2020

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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“…Invasive fishes feeding at lower trophic levels often exploit resources used by native fishes (Flecker & Townsend, ), sometimes to the point of competitively excluding native species (e.g., Douglas, Marsh, & Minckley, ). Interestingly, gizzard shad condition is rebounding in the upper Illinois River, where intensive commercial harvest of Asian carp occurs (MacNamara et al., ), but continues to decrease in the lower Illinois River, where only limited harvest occurs (Love, Lederman, Haun, DeBoer, & Casper, ). We believe the invasive bigheaded carps’ overall influence on adult native fishes is still limited (sensu Matthews, Marsh‐Matthews, Cashner, & Gelwick, ), as organisms and ecosystems respond to stressors in stages (Selye, ) with lag periods often present (Crooks, ; Simberloff, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐trophic response to invasive silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in a large floodplain river

2018

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Invasive species can produce complex and unpredictable effects across multiple trophic levels through a combination of direct and indirect pathways. Invasive silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) exert substantial pressure on the link between primary production and intermediate trophic levels in large rivers of the Midwestern USA. The goal of our manuscript was to describe the silver carp population invasion in the Illinois River (Illinois, USA) and explore the potential effects of silver carp on the native biota. We obtained 22 years of data from three long‐term monitoring programmes for phytoplankton, zooplankton, and age‐0 and adult native fishes. To determine when silver carp started affecting native biota, we used nonlinear regression to estimate the change point in silver carp biomass. We then used piecewise linear regression to separately model the response of phytoplankton and age‐0 and adult native fishes, using the model‐estimated change point in silver carp biomass. We tested for differences in taxon‐specific zooplankton density and biomass between pre‐ and post‐establishment periods using generalised linear models. To explore associations between native biota, silver carp and other potential drivers, we used single‐factor linear‐regression models in an information theoretic‐based approach. Our analysis showed individual silver carp condition decreased while their population numbers and biomass increased during their establishment in the Illinois River. Concurrently, analysis of 22 years of producer and consumer abundance and biomass data shows phytoplankton density and macrozooplankton density and biomass decreased—zooplankton by over 90%—during the same period, though the responses of age‐0 native fish biomass and adult native fish biomass were more nuanced. Our study provides compelling evidence of multiple trophic‐level effects from the silver carp invasion in North America and highlights the importance of long‐term data collection and monitoring. Our research shows managers that zooplankton and perhaps phytoplankton are quickly and negatively affected by silver carp, which may eventually cascade into higher trophic levels over longer timescales.

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“…; Love et al. ). Consequently, established populations of Bighead Carp and Silver Carp have negatively impacted native aquatic ecosystems within the Mississippi River basin (Solomon et al.…”

Section: Locations and Number (N) Of Bighead Carp And Silver Carp Capmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Range expansion of Bighead Carp and Silver Carp has caused great concern amongst Mississippi River basin fisheries managers because they are highly fecund (Schrank and Guy 2002;Williamson and Garvey 2005), exhibit rapid growth rates (Williamson and Garvey 2005), and can rapidly disperse (DeGrandchamp et al 2008). Furthermore, Bighead Carp and Silver Carp are voracious planktivores capable of consuming 20% of their body weight per day (Kolar et al 2007) allowing them to outcompete native adult and juvenile planktivores for food (Pendleton et al 2017;Love et al 2018). Consequently, established populations of Bighead Carp and Silver Carp have negatively impacted native aquatic ecosystems within the Mississippi River basin (Solomon et al 2016;DeBoer et al 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

Sources of Bighead Carp and Silver Carp Found in Chicago Urban Fishing Program Ponds

et al. 2019

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Planktivorous Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Silver Carp H. molitrix are two invasive species that pose a severe threat to native aquatic biota. Efforts have been made to inhibit Bighead Carp and Silver Carp expansion into the Great Lakes through hydrologically connected systems, but understanding their expansion to and from hydrologically disconnected systems could further reduce this risk. We assessed the origin of 23 Bighead Carp and 1 Silver Carp captured from Chicago Urban Fishing Program ponds using otolith chemistry. Otolith core δ18O and δ13C of captured Bighead Carp did not overlap with ranges of otolith δ18O and δ13C from Bighead Carp and Silver Carp from the Illinois River but was consistent with otolith δ18O and δ13C of Bighead Carp obtained from aquaculture facilities. Likewise, otolith core Sr:Ca of 19 captured Bighead Carp was higher than the range of otolith Sr:Ca from Illinois River Bighead Carp and Silver Carp. Due to inferred timing of introduction (likely age‐0 or age‐1 fish), these Bighead Carp may have been released incidentally via stocking sport fish shipments contaminated with the carp. Contrastingly, otolith chemistry results suggest that the captured Silver Carp originated from the Illinois River, although timing of introduction of this fish could not be inferred. Overall, our results indicate that nearly all fish analyzed did not originate from rivers within the Mississippi River basin and were instead likely introduced through stocking contaminated shipments of fish. Even though Chicago Urban Fishing Program ponds now pose a minimal threat for Bighead Carp and Silver Carp expansion into Lake Michigan, sustained urban pond monitoring and nonnative fish removal may limit or eliminate this alternative invasion pathway. Additionally, continued vigilance in understanding the origin of stocked fish and culture environment (e.g., polyculture) could decrease the likelihood of future invasive species introductions through contaminated sport fish stockings.

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Does aquatic invasive species removal benefit native fish? The response of gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) to commercial harvest of bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carp (H. molitrix)

Cited by 29 publications

References 29 publications

Spatial variation in bluegill population demographics in a highly modified large river system

Spatial variation in bluegill population demographics in a highly modified large river system

Multi‐trophic response to invasive silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in a large floodplain river

Sources of Bighead Carp and Silver Carp Found in Chicago Urban Fishing Program Ponds

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