Does biochar accelerate the mitigation of greenhouse gaseous emissions from agricultural soil? - A global meta-analysis

Shakoor, Awais; Arif, Muhammad Saleem; Shahzad, Sher Muhammad; Farooq, Taimoor Hassan; Ashraf, Fatima; Altaf, Muhammad Mohsin; Ahmed, Waqas; Tufail, Muhammad Aammar; Ashraf, Muhammad

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.111789

Cited by 85 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Stand density solely does not influence the microbial biota and soil health directly. But, with a combination and an interplay of other biotic and abiotic factors such as species autecology [10], organic amendments [56,57], plant growth regulator [58], nutrient distribution [59,60], different stress conditions [61][62][63], greenhouse gas emissions [64][65][66][67], soil pollutants different [68], planting materials and forest composition [69], and atmospheric deposition levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Intraspecific Competition Stress on Soil Fungal Diversity and Composition in Relation to Tree Growth and Soil Fertility in Sub-Tropical Soils under Chinese Fir Monoculture

et al. 2021

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Soil microorganisms provide valuable ecosystem services, such as nutrient cycling, soil remediation, and biotic and abiotic stress resistance. There is increasing interest in exploring total belowground biodiversity across ecological scales to understand better how different ecological aspects, such as stand density, soil properties, soil depth, and plant growth parameters, influence belowground communities. In various environments, microbial components of belowground communities, such as soil fungi, respond differently to soil features; however, little is known about their response to standing density and vertical soil profiles in a Chinese fir monoculture plantation. This research examined the assemblage of soil fungal communities in different density stands (high, intermediate, and low) and soil depth profiles (0–20 cm and 20–40 cm). This research also looked into the relationship between soil fungi and tree canopy characteristics (mean tilt angle of the leaf (MTA), leaf area index (LAI), and canopy openness index (DIFN)), and general growth parameters, such as diameter, height, and biomass. The results showed that low-density stand soil had higher fungal alpha diversity than intermediate- and high-density stand soils. Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mucromycota, and Mortierellomycota were the most common phyla of the soil fungal communities, in that order. Saitozyma, Penicillium, Umbelopsis, and Talaromyces were the most abundant fungal genera. Stand density composition was the dominant factor in changing fungal community structure compared to soil properties and soil depth profiles. The most significant soil elements in soil fungal community alterations were macronutrients. In addition, the canopy openness index and fungal community structure have a positive association in the low-density stand. Soil biota is a nutrient cycling driver that can promote better plant growth in forest ecosystems by supporting nutrient cycling. Hence, this research will be critical in understanding soil fungal dynamics, improving stand growth and productivity, and improving soil quality in intensively managed Chinese fir plantations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Intraspecific Competition Stress on Soil Fungal Diversity and Composition in Relation to Tree Growth and Soil Fertility in Sub-Tropical Soils under Chinese Fir Monoculture

et al. 2021

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“…However, environmental and soil conditions are significant factors that affect N 2 O emissions. A meta-analysis conducted by Shakoor et al [ 219 ] showed that application of biochar to fine textured soils significantly increased N 2 O and CO 2 emissions. However, biochar application to coarse textured soils had no impact or reduced N 2 O [ 219 ].…”

Section: Management Options To Mitigate N 2 O Emis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A meta-analysis conducted by Shakoor et al [ 219 ] showed that application of biochar to fine textured soils significantly increased N 2 O and CO 2 emissions. However, biochar application to coarse textured soils had no impact or reduced N 2 O [ 219 ]. Under all circumstances, these effects can be best predicted by soil moisture and environmental conditions.…”

Section: Management Options To Mitigate N 2 O Emis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study, maize staged the same N 2 O emissions when grown as continuous crop and in maize–soybean and soybean–wheat–maize rotations [ 297 ]. Crops entering a cropping system must be chosen properly because they significantly affect N 2 O emissions [ 219 ]. For instance, grasslands significantly increased N 2 O emissions, whereas maize crop showed a negative impact on N 2 O emissions [ 219 ].…”

Section: Management Options To Mitigate N 2 O Emis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crops entering a cropping system must be chosen properly because they significantly affect N 2 O emissions [ 219 ]. For instance, grasslands significantly increased N 2 O emissions, whereas maize crop showed a negative impact on N 2 O emissions [ 219 ]. Intensive grasslands can increase global N 2 O emissions owing to the application of manures and animal excreta deposited on the surface of grasslands [ 298 ].…”

Section: Management Options To Mitigate N 2 O Emis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management Strategies to Mitigate N2O Emissions in Agriculture

Hassan

Aamer

Mahmood

et al. 2022

Life

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The concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere has been increasing since the beginning of the industrial revolution. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is one of the mightiest GHGs, and agriculture is one of the main sources of N2O emissions. In this paper, we reviewed the mechanisms triggering N2O emissions and the role of agricultural practices in their mitigation. The amount of N2O produced from the soil through the combined processes of nitrification and denitrification is profoundly influenced by temperature, moisture, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen contents. These factors can be manipulated to a significant extent through field management practices, influencing N2O emission. The relationships between N2O occurrence and factors regulating it are an important premise for devising mitigation strategies. Here, we evaluated various options in the literature and found that N2O emissions can be effectively reduced by intervening on time and through the method of N supply (30–40%, with peaks up to 80%), tillage and irrigation practices (both in non-univocal way), use of amendments, such as biochar and lime (up to 80%), use of slow-release fertilizers and/or nitrification inhibitors (up to 50%), plant treatment with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (up to 75%), appropriate crop rotations and schemes (up to 50%), and integrated nutrient management (in a non-univocal way). In conclusion, acting on N supply (fertilizer type, dose, time, method, etc.) is the most straightforward way to achieve significant N2O reductions without compromising crop yields. However, tuning the rest of crop management (tillage, irrigation, rotation, etc.) to principles of good agricultural practices is also advisable, as it can fetch significant N2O abatement vs. the risk of unexpected rise, which can be incurred by unwary management.

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Biochar as a negative emission technology: A synthesis of field research on greenhouse gas emissions

et al. 2023

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Biochar is one of the few nature‐based technologies with potential to help achieve net‐zero emissions agriculture. Such an outcome would involve the mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from agroecosystems and optimization of soil organic carbon sequestration. Interest in biochar application is heightened by its several co‐benefits. Several reviews summarized past investigations on biochar, but these reviews mostly included laboratory, greenhouse, and mesocosm experiments. A synthesis of field studies is lacking, especially from a climate change mitigation standpoint. Our objectives are to (1) synthesize advances in field‐based studies that have examined the GHG mitigation capacity of soil application of biochar and (2) identify limitations of the technology and research priorities. Field studies, published before 2022, were reviewed. Biochar has variable effects on GHG emissions, ranging from decrease, increase, to no change. Across studies, biochar reduced emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) by 18% and methane (CH4) by 3% but increased carbon dioxide (CO2) by 1.9%. When biochar was combined with N‐fertilizer, it reduced CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions in 61%, 64%, and 84% of the observations, and biochar plus other amendments reduced emissions in 78%, 92%, and 85% of the observations, respectively. Biochar has shown potential to reduce GHG emissions from soils, but long‐term studies are needed to address discrepancies in emissions and identify best practices (rate, depth, and frequency) of biochar application to agricultural soils.

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Does biochar accelerate the mitigation of greenhouse gaseous emissions from agricultural soil? - A global meta-analysis

Cited by 85 publications

References 112 publications

Influence of Intraspecific Competition Stress on Soil Fungal Diversity and Composition in Relation to Tree Growth and Soil Fertility in Sub-Tropical Soils under Chinese Fir Monoculture

Influence of Intraspecific Competition Stress on Soil Fungal Diversity and Composition in Relation to Tree Growth and Soil Fertility in Sub-Tropical Soils under Chinese Fir Monoculture

Management Strategies to Mitigate N2O Emissions in Agriculture

Biochar as a negative emission technology: A synthesis of field research on greenhouse gas emissions

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