“…These include inducing insiders to engage in more opportunistic sales (Yin et al, 2023), increasing equity mispricing , severely narrowing the avenues for firms to obtain financing through trade credit (Li et al, 2024), and lowering stock return synchronicity (Gangadharan and Padmakumari, 2023), among others. In terms of the influencing factors for ARR, the existing research mainly discusses the perspectives of board independence (Rahman and Kabir, 2023), organizational capital (Panta and Panta, 2023), CEO power (Sun et al, 2022) and the corporate social responsibility (Soliman and Ben-Amar, 2022). In general, there is still a large gap in the study of the antecedents of ARR, and few studies analyse this issue from the perspective of corporate shareholder characteristics.…”