Does Brain Volume Loss Predict Cognitive and Narrative Discourse Performance Following Traumatic Brain Injury?

Lê, Karen; Coelho, Carl; Mozeiko, Jennifer; Grafman, Jordan

doi:10.1044/2014_ajslp-13-0095

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In order to determine whether the above results might be accounted for by differences in total percent brain volume loss, we performed additional post hoc analyses to examine the role of this potential confound (Lê et al, ]. First, Mann–Whitney U tests were conducted to detect potential differences in total percent brain volume loss between patients with lesions in locations associated with heightened global or motor impulsivity (as previously identified in the VLSM analyses) and patients without lesions in these locations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Networks underlying trait impulsivity: Evidence from voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping

et al. 2016

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Impulsivity is considered a multidimensional construct that encompasses a range of behaviors, including poor impulse control, premature decision-making, and the inability to delay gratification. In order to determine the extent to which impulsivity and its components share a common network, we performed a voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis in a large sample of patients (N=131) with focal, penetrating traumatic brain injuries (pTBI). Impulsivity was assessed using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), a standard self-report measure that allows for unique estimates of global impulsivity and its factor analysis-derived components (e.g., “motor impulsivity”). Heightened global impulsivity was associated with damage to multiple areas in bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), left superior, middle and inferior temporal gyrus, and left hippocampus. Moreover, we identified a cluster within the left PFC associated specifically with motor impulsivity (defined as “acting without thinking”). Our results are consistent with existing literature on bilateral prefrontal cortical involvement in behavioral impulsivity, but also provide new evidence for a more complex neuroanatomical representation of this construct, characterized by left-lateralized temporal and hippocampal involvement, as well as a left-lateralized prefrontal network specifically associated with motor impulsivity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Networks underlying trait impulsivity: Evidence from voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping

et al. 2016

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“…The verbal learning task used in this study requires retaining, encoding, and retrieval of the correct information. Additionally, this task requires the conscious formulation of word groups, planning, and organizing information, which indicates cognitive flexibility (Le et al, 2014). These processes are also imperative during discourse production, in that a narrative that is consistent with the topic can be produced when information regarding the narrative is correctly formulated, planned, and organized with the designated topic in mind.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Global coherence refers to the relationship between the main topic and the meaning or content of the utterances of discourse to be analyzed, that is, how utterances maintain the overall topic (Wright et al, 2014; Kim et al, 2018). The measures that have been used in global coherence studies are the mean scores from utterance scores with 4-point or 5-point rating scales (Glosser and Deser, 1991; Coelho et al, 2012; Le et al, 2014; Wright et al, 2014). This study used four-point rating scales for global coherence.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discourse Measures to Differentiate Between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Aging

Kim

2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Although subtle discourse declines in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have been reported, heterogeneous measures and tasks among the MCI discourse studies have yielded widely varying outcomes. The present study aimed to first, identify discourse measures that aid the differentiation among people with amnestic MCI (aMCI), people with non-amnestic MCI (naMCI), and cognitively healthy control (HC) participants, and second, delineate the cognitive functions related to such discourse measures. Three discourse tasks (an episodic narrative, a planning task, and a picture description) were performed by 30 aMCI, 22 naMCI, and 21 HC participants. Samples were analyzed using six categories of 15 measures, namely coherence, cohesion, proposition, grammaticality, lexicality, and fluency. The statistical analyses included (1) a multivariate analysis of variance for group comparison; (2) binary simple logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for differentiation between two groups; (3) binary multiple logistic regression for being diagnosed with naMCI or aMCI with the minimum number of predictors; and (4) Pearson correlation analysis for identifying the cognitive functions associated with the discourse measures. The proportion of cohesive words and propositional density in aMCI participants were worse than those in naMCI participants. Global coherence, the proportion of cohesive words, and the proportion of dysfluencies and pauses in naMCI participants were lower than those in the HC participants. Global and local coherence and the proportion of cohesive words, cohesive ties per utterances, propositional density, and dysfluencies and pauses in aMCI participants were worse than those in the HC participants. The aforementioned measures were demonstrated to be effective predictors for classifying groups by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. In addition, the proportions of cohesive words and pauses were common discourse measures for differentiation between naMCI and HC participants or between aMCI and HC participants using binary multiple logistic regression. According to the correlation analysis, memory and executive functions are needed for coherent, cohesive, and efficient discourse productions in MCI. The detailed description of discourse performances in this study will aid the characterization of the declined language abilities of MCI participants and also the understanding of the cognitive functions involved in discourse performance in MCI.

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“…) and there is some evidence that EF impairments are associated with social communication problems such as inaccurate or poorly structured discourse (Lê et al . , Marini et al . ), poor comprehension of social implicature (Channon and Watts ), and perceived social communication problems in daily life (Douglas ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EFs are a set of discrete, but related, cognitive processes that facilitate problem-solving and goaloriented behaviour (Miyake et al 2000). EF deficits have been robustly documented in individuals with TBI (Channon and Watts 2003, McDonald et al 2014, Muller et al 2010 and there is some evidence that EF impairments are associated with social communication problems such as inaccurate or poorly structured discourse (Lê et al 2014, Marini et al 2014, poor comprehension of social implicature (Channon and Watts 2003), and perceived social communication problems in daily life (Douglas 2010). Other studies, however, have found weak or non-significant links between EFs and social communication (Coelho 2002, Marini et al 2011, McDonald et al 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive task demands and discourse performance after traumatic brain injury

Byom

Turkstra

2016

International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders

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Background Social communication problems are common in adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly problems in spoken discourse. Social communication problems are thought to reflect underlying cognitive impairments. Aims To measure the contribution of two cognitive processes, executive functioning (EF) and theory of mind (ToM), to the communication of adults with TBI, and to investigate the relationships between discourse performance and potential communication partners’ perceptions. Methods & Procedures Twenty-one adults with moderate-to-severe TBI and 23 uninjured adults completed a discourse task in which EF and ToM demands were manipulated across three conditions: baseline, High-EF, and High-ToM. Dependent variables were fluency (for EFs), number of mental state terms (MSTs, for ToM), and speech rate. Discourse from High-EF/ToM conditions was judged by naïve raters for social acceptability. Outcomes & Results The TBI group produced significantly fewer MSTs than the comparison group across conditions and also spoke at a slower rate, and there were significant effects of condition on both measures (MST: High EF < baseline = High-ToM; Speech rate: High-EF < High-ToM < baseline). There were no significant between-groups differences in fluency or interaction of fluency with condition. MST use and fluency were associated with social acceptability ratings. Conclusions & Implications Results added further evidence of social communication problems in adults with TBI and demonstrated that discourse behaviors may negatively affect how a speaker is perceived. Results also indicated that task manipulations can affect discourse performance, suggesting that general cognitive demands may influence social communication after TBI.

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Does Brain Volume Loss Predict Cognitive and Narrative Discourse Performance Following Traumatic Brain Injury?

Abstract: Findings suggest that an overall measure of brain damage may be more predictive of general cognitive status than of narrative discourse ability. Atrophy measures in specific brain regions may be more informative.

Cited by 12 publications

References 56 publications

Networks underlying trait impulsivity: Evidence from voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping

Networks underlying trait impulsivity: Evidence from voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping

Discourse Measures to Differentiate Between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Aging

Cognitive task demands and discourse performance after traumatic brain injury

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