Does change in ethical education influence core moral values? Towards history- and culture-aware morality model with application in automatic moral reasoning

Nieuważny, Jagna; Nowakowski, Karol; Ptaszyński, Michał; Masui, Fumito; Rzepka, Rafał; Araki, Kenji

doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2020.10.011

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In particular, researchers [10] made an attempt to develop quality and effective assistance to children and youth in the formation of human dignity as the basic moral value of the individual in modern conditions. Other scientists [11] conducted research on the formation of a culture of dignity with the use of pedagogical moral considerations.…”

Section: Research Results and Their Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of education of dignity in junior schoolchildren

Tretyak

2021

SR:PE

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The article is devoted to the topical problem of educating dignity in junior schoolchildren. Based on the analysis of philosophical psychological and pedagogical literature, generalization of the obtained empirical data, use of pedagogical diagnostics, the basic tendencies and features of education of dignity at younger schoolchildren are revealed, criteria (cognitive, emotional-value, active) are defined with the corresponding indicators, which allowed to characterize dignity in junior school students (high, medium, low). Students' understanding of the concept of "human dignity", the peculiarities of its upbringing and behavioral manifestations is considered. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that its results allow to improve the quality of the educational space of the school, to increase the effectiveness of its impact on the moral and ethical development of the younger generation, to adapt the activities of junior students to real life. The defined age features of students of grades 1-4 allow to provide a qualitatively new educational effect in solving the problems of moral education of schoolchildren, features of influence of pedagogical and educational systems on formation and development of the person are considered. Various approaches to determining the essence of moral value – dignity and factors of its successful formation, which have gained recognition in foreign pedagogical thought and spread in educational practice, are analyzed. The article reveals the state of formation of dignity in junior schoolchildren at the ascertaining stage of scientific research. The practical significance of the article is that its materials can be used in the organization of educational work of general education institutions and training of primary school teachers

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Section: Research Results and Their Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of education of dignity in junior schoolchildren

Tretyak

2021

SR:PE

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“…Recently, Nieuwazny et al [7] investigated whether it is possible to automatically determine if changes in ethical education influence core moral values in humans throughout the century, on the example of Japan. As a result, they found out that, despite the changes in stereotypical view on Japan's moral sentiments, as well as the changes in the model of education, especially due to historical events (pre-and post-World War II), past and contemporary Japanese shared a similar moral evaluation of certain basic moral concepts.…”

Section: Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper we build upon the above findings. In their work, Nieuwazny et al [7] focused on factors influencing the ethical values at a macro-scale of nation-wide population, such as general ethical education policies. In this study, on the other hand, we focused on analyzing the factors influencing not a global population, but rather an individual's ethical values.…”

Section: Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to avoid significant differences in length between two paragraphs constituting a data point -which might affect the system's performance -we filtered out paragraphs with the number of tokens smaller than 200. This left us with a total of 66,447 paragraphs in 6,111 documents by 412 authors 7 . Authors were then split in three groups: (i) authors with only a single document, (ii) authors with multiple documents published within a period of 10 years and (iii) authors of multiple documents published over a period longer than 10 years.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, in our experiment we treated it as a book from 1940, which is the estimated time of its writing. For all other books in our data, we took into account the year of first publication 7. These statistics do not include three authors (namely, Yukichi Fukuzawa, Kyōka Izumi and Asajirō Oka), whose works were excluded from the Aozora data set and used to build separate, single-author test sets for direct comparison with Arata Osada 8.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Can You Fool AI by Doing a 180? $\unicode{x2013}$ A Case Study on Authorship Analysis of Texts by Arata Osada

Nieuwazny,

Nowakowski,

Ptaszynski

et al. 2022

Preprint

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This paper is our attempt at answering a twofold question covering the areas of ethics and authorship analysis solutions. Firstly, since the methods used for performing authorship analysis imply that an author can be recognized by the content he or she creates, we were interested in finding out whether it would be possible for an author identification system to correctly attribute works to authors if in the course of years they have undergone a major psychological transition. Secondly -and from the point of view of the evolution of an author's ethical values -we checked what it would mean if the authorship attribution system encounters difficulties in detecting single authorship. We set out to answer those questions through performing a binary authorship analysis task using a text classifier based on a pre-trained transformer model and a baseline method relying on conventional similarity metrics. For the test set, we chose several works of Arata Osada, a Japanese educator and specialist in the history of education, with half of them being books written before the Second World War and another half in the 1950s, in between which the author underwent a transformation in terms of political opinions. As a result, we were able to confirm that in the case of texts authored by Arata Osada in a time span of more than 10 years, while the classification accuracy drops by a large margin and is substantially lower than for texts by other non-fiction writers, confidence scores of the predictions remain at a similar level as in the case of a shorter time span, indicating that the classifier was in many instances tricked into deciding that texts written by Arata Osada over a time span of multiple years were actually written by two different people, which in turn leads us to believe that such a change can affect authorship analysis, and that historical events have great impact on a person's ethical outlook as expressed in their writings.

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