Does chronic physical activity level modify the airway inflammatory response to an acute bout of exercise in the postprandial period?

Kurti, Stephanie P.; Rosenkranz, Sara K.; Chapes, Stephen K.; Teeman, Colby; Cull, Brooke J.; Emerson, Sam R.; Levitt, Morton; Smith, Joshua R.; Harms, Craig A.

doi:10.1139/apnm-2016-0335

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Detrimental cardiovascular effects of high fat or saturated meals have been shown promoting an increase of metabolic syndrome associated outcomes [ 82 ], namely in endothelial function [ 83 ] and post prandial lipemia [ 29 ]. In a recent study, airway inflammation increased after a high fat meal when exercise was performed in the postprandial period, both in exhaled NO and sputum neutrophils, independently of the baseline physical activity level [ 84 ], this supports an interaction between these two interventions and the need to evaluate different meals response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Meal-exercise challenge and physical activity reduction impact on immunity and inflammation (MERIIT trial)

Silva

Moreira

Sokhatska

et al. 2018

Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications

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BackgroundThe effect of a pre-exercise meal as countermeasure to exercise induced immunodepression is poorly known. Also, sedentary behavior is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk but studies on immune changes are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to assess: 1) the impact of a pre-exercise Mediterranean meal (MdM) compared with a fast-food type meal (FFM) on exercise-induced immunological changes and 2) the impact of an induced acute period of sedentary behavior on neuro-immune-endocrine status.Methods/Design: This is a two steps clinical trial including: (a) randomized crossover clinical trial, comparing the effect a high-fat/low-nutrient dense meal, FFM, with an isoenergetic similar high-nutrient dense meal, MdM, in the immune response to an exercise challenge (EC) and (b) a pilot trial assessing the neuro-immune-endocrine change induced by acute decreasing by half the usual physical activity level.ResultsA total of 46 participants (26 females), median aged 25 years were included. Of those 39-completed protocol, including overweight, physical active and inactive and participants with asthma. There were no differences in the EC between interventions. Dietary factors and physical activity were closely monitored during interventions and kept similar. During physical inactivity induction, 31% reached the target of 50% reduction in mean step number and 77% reached a 30% reduction.ConclusionThe use of a pre-exercise meal to modulate immune response and the understanding of the immunological impact of physical inactivity might help to establish future recommendations on how to practice exercise in a safer way and to recognize the potential impact of inactivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Meal-exercise challenge and physical activity reduction impact on immunity and inflammation (MERIIT trial)

Silva

Moreira

Sokhatska

et al. 2018

Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications

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“…Asthmatic adults with antioxidant-poor diets have lower forced expiratory volume in the first one second to the forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio scores, increased plasma C-reactive protein, and were more likely to exacerbate than those on an antioxidant-rich diet [369]. Indeed, dietary antioxidant supplementation notably improved both symptoms and lung function in exercise induced asthma [370].…”

Section: Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Airway Redox Homeostasis and Inflammation Gone Awry: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Emerging Therapeutics in Respiratory Pathology

Checa

Aran

2020

IJMS

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As aerobic organisms, we are continuously and throughout our lifetime subjected to an oxidizing atmosphere and, most often, to environmental threats. The lung is the internal organ most highly exposed to this milieu. Therefore, it has evolved to confront both oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a variety of pollutants, pathogens, and allergens that promote inflammation and can harm the airways to different degrees. Indeed, an excess of ROS, generated intrinsically or from external sources, can imprint direct damage to key structural cell components (nucleic acids, sugars, lipids, and proteins) and indirectly perturb ROS-mediated signaling in lung epithelia, impairing its homeostasis. These early events complemented with efficient recognition of pathogen- or damage-associated recognition patterns by the airway resident cells alert the immune system, which mounts an inflammatory response to remove the hazards, including collateral dead cells and cellular debris, in an attempt to return to homeostatic conditions. Thus, any major or chronic dysregulation of the redox balance, the air–liquid interface, or defects in epithelial proteins impairing mucociliary clearance or other defense systems may lead to airway damage. Here, we review our understanding of the key role of oxidative stress and inflammation in respiratory pathology, and extensively report current and future trends in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory treatments focusing on the following major acute and chronic lung diseases: acute lung injury/respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis.

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“…Subjects were required to exercise until they achieved a total energy expenditure of 75% of the calories that would be consumed during the HFHC challenge (Equation 1). This protocol has been chosen to administer a true-to-life bout of moderate intensity exercise, however for a slightly longer duration than in our previous research in which there were no effects of exercise on postprandial metabolic outcomes (7) (16) . Subjects were not permitted to exercise longer than 2-hours for older adults for safety and logistical reasons.…”

Section: Pre-prandial Exercise Boutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, identifying methods to attenuate this larger TRG response is critical to minimize deleterious health outcomes. Interestingly, the impact of acute exercise on postprandial TRG levels in young adults has mixed findings, with true-to-life exercise durations and intensities between 30 minutes and an hour not consistently showing reductions in postprandial TRG (7,8,23) . Many factors such as exercise timing (10) (12) , caloric replacement after the exercise bout (16) (24) (25) , energy expenditure relative to the test meal (26) (27) , and mode of exercise (28) are likely important considerations for the effect of exercise on reductions in lipemia post-meal.…”

Section: Postprandial Lipid Responses With and Without Acute Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute exercise improves glucose and TAG metabolism in young and older adults following high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal intake

et al. 2021

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A single high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal (HFHC) results in elevated postprandial glucose (GLU), triglycerides (TRG) and metabolic load index (MLI; TRG (mg/dL) + GLU (mg/dL)) that contributes to chronic disease risk. While disease risk is higher in older adults (OA) compared to younger adults (YA), the acute effects of exercise on these outcomes in OA is understudied. Twelve YA (age 23.3 ± 3.9 yrs, n = 5 M/7 F) and 12 OA (age 67.7 ± 6.0 yrs, n = 8 M/4 F) visited the laboratory in random order to complete a HFHC with no exercise (NE) or acute exercise (EX) condition. EX was performed 12 hours prior to HFHC at an intensity of 65% of maximal heart rate to expend 75% of the kcals consumed in HFHC (Marie Callender’s Chocolate Satin Pie; 12 kcal/kgbw; 57% fat, 37% CHO). Blood samples were taken at 0, 30, 60, 90 minutes, and then every hour until 6 hours post-meal. TRG levels increased to a larger magnitude in OA (Δ˜61 ± 31%) compared to YA (Δ˜37 ± 34%, p < 0.001), which were attenuated in EX compared to NE (p < 0.05) independent of age. There was no difference in GLU between OA and YA after the HFM, however EX had attenuated GLU independent of age (NE: Δ˜21 ± 26%; EX: Δ˜12 ± 18%, p = 0.027). MLI was significantly lower after EX compared to NE in OA and YA (p < 0.001). Pre-prandial EX reduced TRG, GLU and MLI post-HFHC independent of age.

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Does chronic physical activity level modify the airway inflammatory response to an acute bout of exercise in the postprandial period?

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Meal-exercise challenge and physical activity reduction impact on immunity and inflammation (MERIIT trial)

Meal-exercise challenge and physical activity reduction impact on immunity and inflammation (MERIIT trial)

Airway Redox Homeostasis and Inflammation Gone Awry: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Emerging Therapeutics in Respiratory Pathology

Acute exercise improves glucose and TAG metabolism in young and older adults following high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal intake

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