Does chronic smoking affect induced-exercise catecholamine release?

Abstract

Introduction and objectives:This study was performed to investigate the acute effect of the submaximal aerobic exercise upon epinephrine and nor-epinephrine levels in chronic smokers and non-smoker. The study was carried out upon 10 regular (15> cigarettes/day) smoker untrained male along five years and 10 never smoker untrained male. Methods: Subjects performed an endurance exercise that continues 40 minutes at 70% maximal heart rate. There were 15cc venous blood samples extracted from the forearm pre-exercise (PRE), post-exercise (POST), postexercise 2 hours (2h), post-exercise 24 hours (24h) to measure of epinephrine and nor-epinephrine levels. Results: The plasma level of each hormone increased after exercise and the tendency of rise was similar between groups as it seen in which 55,6% and 54,68% for epinephrine and 27,1% and 35,7% for norepinephrine. In this respect no group-time relationship has been found (p>0,05). But in between-group analyses, basal and after exercise levels were different (p<0,05). Discussion and conclusion: The study revealed the fact that, smokers have higher plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine before and after exercise. The results demonstrate that long-term smoking induces elevate baseline and post-aerobic submaximal exercise plasma epinephrine and nor-epinephrine levels. The sympatho-adrenal activity appears to be disrupt with long-term smoking which effect the glycolytic and fat metabolism during exercise.

Physical exercise and catecholamines response: benefits and health risk: possible mechanisms

“…Many factors have been reported to influence the exercise/CAT release association, such as type of exercise (dynamic or static), its intensity and duration (the main factors), training (aerobic, anaerobic), body mass index (BMI), sex, individual's metabolic rate, recovery, age, health status, emotional state, and diet [12,26,[87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94]. [100], weightlifting [94], a statistically significant increases in plasma CATs concentration were detected, the magnitude of which was dependent on exercise type (intensity, dynamic or static, duration), sex, training, BMI, and health status. The highest magnitude increases in AD (7 # 10 2 % and 3 # 10 3 %) and NA (13 # 10 2 % and 2 # 10 3 %) released were measured in a professional cyclist group with and without bronchospasm, respectively, performing triangular stress tests [98].…”

The Investigation of the Relationship between University Students' Levels of Life Quality and Leisure Satisfaction

“…Quality of life is considered synonymous with some terms: These can include life satisfaction, self-esteem, well-being, happiness, health, reputation, importance of life, functional status and order [6,7,8].…”