Does Conversion to Organic Farming Impact Vineyards Yield? A Diachronic Study in Southeastern France

Mérot, Anne; Smits, Nathalie

doi:10.3390/agronomy10111626

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…La mejora en la biodiversidad de artrópodos se vincula con una mayor vegetación en el interfilar en los viñedos ecológicos y una mayor proporción de la vegetación circundante (Judt et al 2019;Pfingstmann et al 2019;Blaise et al 2022). Por otra parte, la disminución en la producción se relaciona con la competencia por el agua y los nutrientes con malezas y cultivos de cobertura D�� , �� ₁₄₃ (Ripoche et al 2011;Uliarte et al 2019;Griesser et al 2022), y, además, por a las intervenciones mecánicas para controlar malezas en la línea de plantas, una operación que en algunos casos daña las raíces de la vid (Merot and Smits 2020). A lo mencionado se puede sumar una mayor incidencia de enfermedades, ya que los productos fitosanitarios que se usan en cultivos ecológicos suelen ser preventivos, no sistémicos, y con mayor facilidad para lixiviarse, en comparación con los agroquímicos de síntesis química (Merot et al 2020).…”

Section: ₁₄₂ CV D�� unclassified

“…Por otra parte, la disminución en la producción se relaciona con la competencia por el agua y los nutrientes con malezas y cultivos de cobertura D�� , �� ₁₄₃ (Ripoche et al 2011;Uliarte et al 2019;Griesser et al 2022), y, además, por a las intervenciones mecánicas para controlar malezas en la línea de plantas, una operación que en algunos casos daña las raíces de la vid (Merot and Smits 2020). A lo mencionado se puede sumar una mayor incidencia de enfermedades, ya que los productos fitosanitarios que se usan en cultivos ecológicos suelen ser preventivos, no sistémicos, y con mayor facilidad para lixiviarse, en comparación con los agroquímicos de síntesis química (Merot et al 2020). A pesar de la importancia que la biodiversidad representa para la agricultura, esta es una de las actividades humanas que mayor impacto negativo sobre la diversidad (Altieri 1999;Swift et al 2004;Carrasco et al 2012;Sarandón et al 2014).…”

Section: ₁₄₂ CV D�� unclassified

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Diversidad de insectos, colémbolos y arañas en viñedos bajo diferentes sistemas de producción, convencional y agroecológico, en Mendoza, Argentina

Dagatti,

Fernández Campón,

González

et al. 2024

Ecol Austral

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Numerosos estudios afirman que la agricultura ecológica, en comparación con los cultivos convencionales, tiende a incrementar la diversidad de artrópodos, favoreciendo el equilibrio sanitario del sistema. Estos trabajos están acotados a ciertos sistemas agrícolas y agroecosistemas vitícolas específicos, y por ende, la bibliografía acerca de la artropofauna regional es escasa. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el impacto de dos sistemas de producción (convencional y agroecológico) sobre la comunidad de insectos, colémbolos y arañas. El estudio se realizó en un viñedo (Vitis vinifera) situado en Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina. Se constituyeron dos subparcelas de seguimiento bajo sistemas de producción contrastantes: a) convencional, con labranzas, aplicación de herbicidas, fertilizantes sintéticos y pesticidas, y b) agroecológico, con cultivos de cobertura, enmiendas orgánicas, bioestimulantes líquidos y productos preventivos de bajo impacto. Se instalaron doce trampas de caída y cromáticas en cada subparcela, para cada estación climática. La determinación de los ejemplares se realizó al máximo nivel de resolución taxonómica posible, y se les asignó un grupo funcional. La abundancia de insectos, colémbolos y arañas fue similar en ambas parcelas; sin embargo, se observó mayor riqueza de familias, diversidad, dominancia y equitatividad en la agroecológica. La composición de la comunidad en ambos sistemas fue significativamente diferente. Exceptuando a los colémbolos, la subparcela convencional presentó mayor presencia de fitófagos, mientras que en la agroecológica predominaron, casi en la misma proporción, los depredadores, omnívoros y fitófagos. La gran diferencia hallada entre ambos sistemas respecto de los índices de biodiversidad es similar a la encontrada en otros trabajos que comparan sistemas con presencia de vegetación en el interfilar. Esto se corresponde con una distribución más equitativa en los distintos grupos funcionales, con una menor proporción de fitófagos respecto a un sistema de producción convencional del cultivo.

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Section: ₁₄₂ CV D�� unclassified

Diversidad de insectos, colémbolos y arañas en viñedos bajo diferentes sistemas de producción, convencional y agroecológico, en Mendoza, Argentina

Dagatti,

Fernández Campón,

González

et al. 2024

Ecol Austral

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“…Additionally, the dynamics of productivity indicators, such as yield or YAR, were less precise grapevine decline markers than the mortality rate because of their higher inter-annual variability. Since yield is an integrative variable of all practices and abiotic/ biotic stresses during the two years of yield elaboration, such inter-annual yield fluctuations are not surprising (Merot and Smits, 2020;Merot et al, 2022;Clingeleffer, 2010).…”

Section: Temporal and Spatial Progression Of Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

A systemic approach to grapevine decline diagnosed using three key indicators: plant mortality, yield loss and vigour decrease

et al. 2023

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Grapevine decline, a major global viticulture issue, is defined as a multi-year decrease in vine productivity and/or increase in vine mortality. Although grapevine trunk diseases are one of the most-studied causes, decline is multifactorial and associated with more than 70 factors, including abiotic and biotic hazards. With so many factors to consider, the phenomenon difficult to understand, especially for winegrowers. Our study aims to make it easier to determine and assess grapevine decline by focusing on three key indicators: yield, mortality and vegetative vigour. We investigated the relationships between these indicators from both a temporal and spatial perspective to propose a set of diagnostic indicators. Thus, we conducted a winegrowers’ survey, an historical analysis of grapevine decline and field measurements of the abovementioned indicators on plot networks in three major French winegrowing regions (see graphical abstract): Bordeaux, Cognac and Languedoc. We found that farmers’ perceptions of decline were consistent with an objective characterisation of decline based on in-field measurements of the indicators. Although vine mortality progressively spread over the years, neither the survey nor the historical analysis showed a direct link between decline and yield loss. Rather, large yearly fluctuations in yield, which did not systematically decrease over time, account for this finding. As a result, the mortality rate and the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) indicators were shown to be earlier indicators of grapevine decline than yield loss (yield achievement ratio, YAR). We performed a multifactorial analysis of the overall data set from the three regions to deepen our understanding of the variety of declining situations and the underlying environmental and management factors contributing to decline. Finally, two ground-based NDVI indicators and an image-analysis methodology using aerial photographs were proposed as easy-to-obtain indicators of grapevine decline. NDVI indicators were linearly correlated to both YAR and mortality rate. This study provides a better understanding and promising tools for early diagnosis of grapevine decline.

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“…These diseases also affect the rate of photosynthesis and the maturity of grapes [ 5 ] and can cause offensive odours and sensual defects in wine [ 6 ]. Improper selection and poor management during technology changes can pose significant risks [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Six Common Pesticides Residues and Dietary Risk Assessment of Romanian Wine Varieties

Dumitriu

Gabur

Cucolea

et al. 2022

Foods

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The food and environmental safety debate extends to the use of pesticides in agriculture including the wine sector, which is one of the most intensive pesticide users across the agricultural sector. Pesticide utilisation is a common agricultural practice to protect fruits and plants from pathogens and insects while maintaining high production levels. Grapevine is generally a crop that is subject to intensive phytosanitary treatments, and therefore, it can be assumed that pesticide residues will accumulate in the vine-shoots and, later on, end up in the grapes and wines. The aim of this study was to determine the pesticide content in red, rosé, and white wines after phytosanitary treatments applied in the vineyard and their impact on long-term dietary risks. The following six pesticides were analysed: oxathiapiprolin, myclobutanil, iprovalicarb, tebuconazole, chlorantraniliprole, and acetamiprid. Samples were extracted using the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method and analysed for the residues of pesticides by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results indicated that the observed pesticides in the wine samples ranged between 0.05 and 0.75 ng/g. Dietary risks due to pesticide residues for women and men were evaluated using the estimated daily intake (EDI), hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index (HI) of wines. The HQs and HIs did not surpass the 1 value (HQ, HI < 1) for both women and men, denoting that the concentrations of pesticide residues in these wine samples do not pose any immediate risk to consumers. Moreover, a pesticide residue intake model (PRIMo) model analysis was conducted, and the results suggest that European adult consumers have a low pesticide residue intake due to moderate wine consumption. However, pesticide residue intakes have been associated with several human health problems and high toxicity levels, therefore reliable analytical methods to monitor their presence in horticultural crops is crucial for clean and safe food products and healthy consumers.

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Does Conversion to Organic Farming Impact Vineyards Yield? A Diachronic Study in Southeastern France

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Diversidad de insectos, colémbolos y arañas en viñedos bajo diferentes sistemas de producción, convencional y agroecológico, en Mendoza, Argentina

Diversidad de insectos, colémbolos y arañas en viñedos bajo diferentes sistemas de producción, convencional y agroecológico, en Mendoza, Argentina

A systemic approach to grapevine decline diagnosed using three key indicators: plant mortality, yield loss and vigour decrease

Investigating Six Common Pesticides Residues and Dietary Risk Assessment of Romanian Wine Varieties

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